> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.apryse.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.apryse.com/core/get-started/samples/unicodewritetest.md).

# Create Unicode Text, Embed CID in PDFs - UnicodeWrite

Sample code for using Apryse SDK to create Unicode text and embed composite fonts in PDF files. Samples provided in Python, C++, C#, Java, Node.js (JavaScript), PHP, Ruby, Go and VB.

Sample code for using Apryse SDK to create Unicode text and embed composite fonts in PDF files. Samples provided in Python, C++, C#, Java, Node.js (JavaScript), PHP, Ruby, Go and VB. Learn more about our [Server SDK](/core/get-started/get-started.md).

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="C#" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```csharp
//
// Copyright (c) 2001-2024 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
//

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using pdftron;
using pdftron.Common;
using pdftron.Filters;
using pdftron.SDF;
using pdftron.PDF;

namespace UnicodeWriteTestCS
{
	/// <summary>
	/// This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
	/// </summary>
	class Class1
	{
		private static pdftron.PDFNetLoader pdfNetLoader = pdftron.PDFNetLoader.Instance();
		static Class1() {}
		
		// Note: This demo assumes that 'arialuni.ttf' is present in '/Samples/TestFiles' 
		// directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and it comes together with Windows and 
		// MS Office.
		// 
		// For more information about Arial Unicode MS, please consult the following Microsoft Knowledge 
		// Base Article: WD2002: General Information About the Arial Unicode MS Font
		//  http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q287/2/47.asp
		//
		// For more information consult: 
		//    http://office.microsoft.com/search/results.aspx?Scope=DC&Query=font&CTT=6&Origin=EC010331121033
		//    http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=1F0303AE-F055-41DA-A086-A65F22CB5593
		// 
		// In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use cyberbit.ttf 
		// (ftp://ftp.netscape.com/pub/communicator/extras/fonts/windows/) instead.
		//
		static void Main(string[] args)
		{
			PDFNet.Initialize(PDFTronLicense.Key);

			// Relative path to the folder containing test files.
			string input_path =  "../../../../TestFiles/";
			string output_path = "../../../../TestFiles/Output/";

			try	
			{
				using (PDFDoc doc = new PDFDoc())
				{
					using (ElementBuilder eb = new ElementBuilder())
					{
						using (ElementWriter writer = new ElementWriter())
						{
							// Start a new page ------------------------------------
							Page page = doc.PageCreate(new Rect(0, 0, 612, 794));

							writer.Begin(page); // begin writing to this page

							Font fnt = null;
							try
							{
								// Full font embedding
								System.Drawing.Font myfont = new System.Drawing.Font("Arial Unicode MS", 12);
								fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, myfont, true, true);
							}
							catch (PDFNetException e)
							{
								Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
							}

							if (fnt == null) {
								try
								{
									fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path + "ARIALUNI.TTF", true, true);
								}
								catch (PDFNetException e)
								{
									Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
								}
							}

							if (fnt == null)
							{
								try
								{
									fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF", true, true);
								}
								catch (PDFNetException e)
								{
									Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
								}
							}

							if (fnt == null)
							{
								Console.WriteLine("Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text");
								fnt = Font.Create(doc, "Helvetica", "");
							}
							else
							{
								Console.WriteLine("Note: using Arial Unicode for unshaped unicode text");
							}

							Element element = eb.CreateTextBegin(fnt, 1);
							element.SetTextMatrix(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600);
							element.GetGState().SetLeading(2);		 // Set the spacing between lines
							writer.WriteElement(element);

							// Hello World!!!
							string hello = "Hello World!";
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hello));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Latin
							char[] latin = {   
								'a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', '\x45', '\x0046', '\x00C0', 
								'\x00C1', '\x00C2', '\x0143', '\x0144', '\x0145', '\x0152', '1', '2' // etc.
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(latin)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Greek
							char[] greek = {   
								(char)0x039E, (char)0x039F, (char)0x03A0, (char)0x03A1, (char)0x03A3,
								(char)0x03A6, (char)0x03A8, (char)0x03A9  // etc.
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(greek)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Cyrillic
							char[] cyrillic = {   
								(char)0x0409, (char)0x040A, (char)0x040B, (char)0x040C, (char)0x040E, (char)0x040F, (char)0x0410, (char)0x0411,
								(char)0x0412, (char)0x0413, (char)0x0414, (char)0x0415, (char)0x0416, (char)0x0417, (char)0x0418, (char)0x0419 // etc.
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(cyrillic)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Hebrew
							char[] hebrew = {
								(char)0x05D0, (char)0x05D1, (char)0x05D3, (char)0x05D3, (char)0x05D4, (char)0x05D5, (char)0x05D6, (char)0x05D7, (char)0x05D8, 
								(char)0x05D9, (char)0x05DA, (char)0x05DB, (char)0x05DC, (char)0x05DD, (char)0x05DE, (char)0x05DF, (char)0x05E0, (char)0x05E1 // etc. 
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(hebrew)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Arabic
							char[] arabic = {
								(char)0x0624, (char)0x0625, (char)0x0626, (char)0x0627, (char)0x0628, (char)0x0629, (char)0x062A, (char)0x062B, (char)0x062C, 
								(char)0x062D, (char)0x062E, (char)0x062F, (char)0x0630, (char)0x0631, (char)0x0632, (char)0x0633, (char)0x0634, (char)0x0635 // etc. 
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(arabic)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Thai 
							char[] thai = {
								(char)0x0E01, (char)0x0E02, (char)0x0E03, (char)0x0E04, (char)0x0E05, (char)0x0E06, (char)0x0E07, (char)0x0E08, (char)0x0E09, 
								(char)0x0E0A, (char)0x0E0B, (char)0x0E0C, (char)0x0E0D, (char)0x0E0E, (char)0x0E0F, (char)0x0E10, (char)0x0E11, (char)0x0E12 // etc. 
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(thai)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Hiragana - Japanese 
							char[] hiragana = {
								(char)0x3041, (char)0x3042, (char)0x3043, (char)0x3044, (char)0x3045, (char)0x3046, (char)0x3047, (char)0x3048, (char)0x3049, 
								(char)0x304A, (char)0x304B, (char)0x304C, (char)0x304D, (char)0x304E, (char)0x304F, (char)0x3051, (char)0x3051, (char)0x3052 // etc. 
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(hiragana)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// CJK Unified Ideographs
							char[] cjk_uni = {
								(char)0x5841, (char)0x5842, (char)0x5843, (char)0x5844, (char)0x5845, (char)0x5846, (char)0x5847, (char)0x5848, (char)0x5849, 
								(char)0x584A, (char)0x584B, (char)0x584C, (char)0x584D, (char)0x584E, (char)0x584F, (char)0x5850, (char)0x5851, (char)0x5852 // etc. 
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(cjk_uni)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Simplified Chinese
							char[] chinese_simplified = {
								(char)0x4e16, (char)0x754c, (char)0x60a8,(char) 0x597d
							};
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(new string(chinese_simplified)));
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

							// Finish the block of text
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd());		
							Console.WriteLine("Now using text shaping logic to place text");

							// Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
							// normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
							// directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
							// method to take care of this detail for us.
							Font indexedFont = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path + "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", true, true, Font.Encoding.e_Indices);
							element = eb.CreateTextBegin(indexedFont, 10.0);
							writer.WriteElement(element);

							double linePos = 350.0;
							double lineSpace = 20.0;

							// Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
							ShapedText shapedText = indexedFont.GetShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:");

							// transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
							element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shapedText);
							element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, linePos);
							linePos -= lineSpace;
							writer.WriteElement(element);

							// read in unicode text lines from a file File. ReadAllLines(path, Encoding.UTF8)
							String[] hindiTextLines = File.ReadAllLines(input_path + "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", Encoding.UTF8);

							Console.WriteLine("Read in " + hindiTextLines.Length + " lines of Unicode text from file");
							foreach (String textLine in hindiTextLines)
							{
								shapedText = indexedFont.GetShapedText(textLine);
								element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shapedText);
								element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, linePos);
								linePos -= lineSpace;
								writer.WriteElement(element);
								Console.WriteLine("Wrote shaped line to page");
							}

							// Finish the shaped block of text
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd());

							writer.End();  // save changes to the current page
							doc.PagePushBack(page);
							doc.Save(output_path + "unicodewrite.pdf", SDFDoc.SaveOptions.e_remove_unused | SDFDoc.SaveOptions.e_hex_strings);
							Console.WriteLine("Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...");
						}
					}
				}
			}
			catch (PDFNetException e)
			{
				Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
			}
			PDFNet.Terminate();
		}
	}
}
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="C++" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```cpp
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2001-2024 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Consult legal.txt regarding legal and license information.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <PDF/PDFNet.h>
#include <PDF/PDFDoc.h>
#include <PDF/ElementBuilder.h>
#include <PDF/ElementWriter.h>
#include <PDF/ColorSpace.h>
#include <PDF/ShapedText.h>
#include <PDF/Rect.h>

#include <Filters/MappedFile.h>
#include <Filters/FilterReader.h>

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include "../../LicenseKey/CPP/LicenseKey.h"

using namespace std;

using namespace pdftron;
using namespace SDF;
using namespace PDF;

std::vector<UString> TextFileToStringList(const UString& file_path);

/**
 * This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
 * 
 * Note: This demo attempts to make use of 'arialuni.ttf' in the '/Samples/TestFiles' 
 * directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and used to come together with Windows and 
 * MS Office.
 * 
 * In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use another wide coverage
 * font, like Google Noto, GNU UniFont, or cyberbit. Many of these are freely available,
 * and there is a list maintained at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_font
 * 
 * If no specific font file can be loaded, the demo will fall back to system specific font
 * substitution routines, and the result will depend on which fonts are available.
 * 
 */
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int ret = 0;
	PDFNet::Initialize(LicenseKey);

	// Relative path to the folder containing test files.
	string input_path =  "../../TestFiles/";
	string output_path = "../../TestFiles/Output/";

	try  
	{	 
		PDFDoc doc;

		ElementBuilder eb;		
		ElementWriter writer;	

		// Start a new page ------------------------------------
		Page page = doc.PageCreate(Rect(0, 0, 612, 794));

		writer.Begin(page);	// begin writing to this page

		string font_program = input_path + "ARIALUNI.TTF";

		// RAII block for ifstream
		{
			std::ifstream ifs(font_program.c_str(), ios_base::in);
#if defined(_WIN32)
			if (!ifs.is_open()) {
				font_program = string("C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF");
				ifs.open(font_program.c_str(), ios_base::in);
			}
#endif
			if (!ifs.is_open()) {
				font_program.clear();
			}
		}

		Font fnt;
		if(font_program.size())
		{
			cout << "Note: using " << font_program << " for unshaped unicode text" << endl;
			// if we can find a specific wide-coverage font file, then use that directly
			fnt = Font::CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, font_program.c_str(), true, true);
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text" << endl;
			// if we can't find a specific file, then use system font subsitution 
			// as a fallback, using "Helvetica" as a hint
			UString empty_temp;
			fnt = Font::Create(doc, "Helvetica", empty_temp);
		}
		
		Element element = eb.CreateTextBegin(fnt, 1);
		element.SetTextMatrix(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600);
		element.GetGState().SetLeading(2);		 // Set the spacing between lines
		writer.WriteElement(element);

		// Hello World!
		Unicode hello[] = { 'H','e','l','l','o',' ','W','o','r','l','d','!'};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hello, sizeof(hello)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Latin
		Unicode latin[] = {   
			'a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', 0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0, 
			0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152, '1', '2' // etc.
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(latin, sizeof(latin)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Greek
		Unicode greek[] = {   
			0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1,0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9  // etc.
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(greek, sizeof(greek)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Cyrillic
		Unicode cyrillic[] = {   
			0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
			0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419 // etc.
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(cyrillic, sizeof(cyrillic)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Hebrew
		Unicode hebrew[] = {
			0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8, 
			0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1 // etc. 
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hebrew, sizeof(hebrew)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Arabic
		Unicode arabic[] = {
			0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C, 
			0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635 // etc. 
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(arabic, sizeof(arabic)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Thai 
		Unicode thai[] = {
			0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09, 
			0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12 // etc. 
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(thai, sizeof(thai)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Hiragana - Japanese 
		Unicode hiragana[] = {
			0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049, 
			0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052 // etc. 
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hiragana, sizeof(hiragana)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// CJK Unified Ideographs
		Unicode cjk_uni[] = {
			0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849, 
			0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852 // etc. 
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(cjk_uni, sizeof(cjk_uni)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Simplified Chinese
		Unicode chinese_simplified[] = {
			0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d
		};
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(chinese_simplified, sizeof(chinese_simplified)/sizeof(Unicode)));
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine());

		// Finish the block of text
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd());

		cout << "Now using text shaping logic to place text" << endl;

		// Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
		// normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
		// directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
		// method to take care of this detail for us.
		Font indexed_font = Font::CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path + "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", true, true, Font::e_Indices);
		element = eb.CreateTextBegin(indexed_font, 10);
		writer.WriteElement(element);

		double line_pos = 350.0;
		double line_space = 20.0;

		// Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
		ShapedText shaped_text = indexed_font.GetShapedText(UString("Shaped Hindi Text:"));

		// transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
		element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shaped_text);
		element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos);
		writer.WriteElement(element);

		// read in unicode text lines from a file 
		std::vector<UString> hindi_text = TextFileToStringList(input_path + "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt");

		cout << "Read in " << hindi_text.size() << " lines of Unicode text from file" << endl;
		for (size_t i = 0; i < hindi_text.size(); ++i)
		{
			shaped_text = indexed_font.GetShapedText(hindi_text[i]);
			element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shaped_text);
			element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos-line_space*(i+1));
			writer.WriteElement(element);
			cout << "Wrote shaped line to page" << endl;
		}
		
		// Finish the shaped block of text
		writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd());

		writer.End();  // save changes to the current page
		doc.PagePushBack(page);

		doc.Save((output_path + "unicodewrite.pdf").c_str(), SDFDoc::e_remove_unused | SDFDoc::e_hex_strings , NULL);
		cout << "Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf..." << endl;
	}
	catch(Common::Exception& e)
	{
		cout << e << endl;
		ret = 1;
	}
	catch(...)
	{
		cout << "Unknown Exception" << endl;
		ret = 1;
	}
	
	PDFNet::Terminate();
	return ret;
}

std::vector<UString> TextFileToStringList(const UString& file_path)
{
	Filters::MappedFile utf_text_filter(file_path);
	size_t file_size = utf_text_filter.FileSize();
	Filters::FilterReader utf_reader(utf_text_filter);
	std::vector<unsigned char> data = utf_reader.Read(file_size);
	data.push_back(0);
	data.push_back(0);
	std::vector<UString> ret;
	size_t line_start = 0;
	for (size_t i = 0; i+1 < data.size(); i +=2)
	{
		bool has_newline = false;
		size_t end_index = i;
		while(i+1 < data.size() && data[i+1] == 0 && (data[i] == '\n' || data[i] == '\r'))
		{
			i+=2;
			has_newline = true;
		}
		if(has_newline || (i + 2 >=  data.size() && line_start < data.size()))
		{
			ret.push_back(UString(reinterpret_cast<Unicode*>(&data[line_start]), (end_index - line_start)/2));
			line_start = i;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Java" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```java
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2001-2024 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Consult legal.txt regarding legal and license information.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

import com.pdftron.pdf.*;
import com.pdftron.sdf.SDFDoc;
import java.util.List;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

/**
 * This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
 * <p>
 * Note: This demo attempts to make use of 'arialuni.ttf' in the '/Samples/TestFiles' 
 * directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and used to come together with Windows and 
 * MS Office.
 * <p>
 * In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use another wide coverage
 * font, like Google Noto, GNU UniFont, or cyberbit. Many of these are freely available,
 * and there is a list maintained at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_font
 * <p>
 * If no specific font file can be loaded, the demo will fall back to system specific font
 * substitution routines, and the result will depend on which fonts are available.
 * 
 */
public class UnicodeWriteTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PDFNet.initialize(PDFTronLicense.Key());

        // Relative path to the folder containing test files.
        String input_path = "../../TestFiles/";
        String output_path = "../../TestFiles/Output/";

        try (PDFDoc doc = new PDFDoc()) {
            ElementBuilder eb = new ElementBuilder();
            ElementWriter writer = new ElementWriter();

            // Start a new page ------------------------------------
            Page page = doc.pageCreate(new Rect(0, 0, 612, 794));

            writer.begin(page);    // begin writing to this page

            String fontLocation = input_path + "ARIALUNI.TTF";

            Font fnt = null;
            try {
                // Embed and subset the font
                fnt = Font.createCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, fontLocation, true, true);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                fontLocation = "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF";
                try {
                     fnt = Font.createCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, fontLocation, true, true);
                }
                catch (Exception e2) {
                    fontLocation = null;
                }
            }

            if(fnt != null) {
                System.out.println("Note: using " + fontLocation + " for unshaped unicode text");
            }
            else {
                System.out.println("Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text");
                fnt = Font.create(doc, "Helvetica", "");
            }

            Element element = eb.createTextBegin(fnt, 1);
            element.setTextMatrix(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600);
            element.getGState().setLeading(2);         // Set the spacing between lines
            writer.writeElement(element);

            // Hello World!
            char hello[] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd', '!'};
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(hello)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Latin
            char latin[] = {
                    'a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', 0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0,
                    0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152, '1', '2' // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(latin)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Greek
            char greek[] = {
                    0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1, 0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9  // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(greek)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Cyrillic
            char cyrilic[] = {
                    0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
                    0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419 // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(cyrilic)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Hebrew
            char hebrew[] = {
                    0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8,
                    0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1 // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(hebrew)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Arabic
            char arabic[] = {
                    0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C,
                    0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635 // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(arabic)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Thai
            char thai[] = {
                    0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09,
                    0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12 // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(thai)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Hiragana - Japanese
            char hiragana[] = {
                    0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049,
                    0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052 // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(hiragana)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // CJK Unified Ideographs
            char cjk_uni[] = {
                    0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849,
                    0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852 // etc.
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(cjk_uni)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Simplified Chinese
            char chinese_simplified[] = {
              0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d
            };
            writer.writeElement(eb.createUnicodeTextRun(new String(chinese_simplified)));
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextNewLine());

            // Finish the block of text
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextEnd());

            System.out.println("Now using text shaping logic to place text");

            // Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
            // normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
            // directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
            // method to take care of this detail for us.
            Font indexedFont = Font.createCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path + "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", true, true, Font.e_Indices);
            element = eb.createTextBegin(indexedFont, 10.0);
            writer.writeElement(element);

            double linePos = 350.0;
            double lineSpace = 20.0;

            // Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
            ShapedText shapedText = indexedFont.getShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:");

            // transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
            element = eb.createShapedTextRun(shapedText);
            element.setTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, linePos);
            linePos -= lineSpace;
            writer.writeElement(element);

            // read in unicode text lines from a file 
            List<String> hindiTextLines = Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(input_path + "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt"), StandardCharsets.UTF_16LE);

            System.out.println("Read in " + hindiTextLines.size() + " lines of Unicode text from file");
            for (String textLine : hindiTextLines)  
            {
                shapedText = indexedFont.getShapedText(textLine);
                element = eb.createShapedTextRun(shapedText);
                element.setTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, linePos);
                linePos -= lineSpace;
                writer.writeElement(element);
                System.out.println("Wrote shaped line to page");
            }
        
            // Finish the shaped block of text
            writer.writeElement(eb.createTextEnd());


            writer.end();  // save changes to the current page
            doc.pagePushBack(page);

            doc.save(output_path + "unicodewrite.pdf", new SDFDoc.SaveMode[]{SDFDoc.SaveMode.REMOVE_UNUSED, SDFDoc.SaveMode.HEX_STRINGS}, null);
            System.out.println("Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        PDFNet.terminate();
    }

}
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Go" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```go
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2001-2021 by PDFTron Systems Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Consult LICENSE.txt regarding license information.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package main
import (
	"fmt"
    "os"
    "bufio"
    "strconv"
    "runtime"
	. "pdftron"
    "golang.org/x/text/encoding/unicode"
    "golang.org/x/text/transform"
)

import  "pdftron/Samples/LicenseKey/GO"

// Relative path to the folder containing the test files.
var inputPath = "../../TestFiles/"
var outputPath = "../../TestFiles/Output/"

// This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
// 
// Note: This demo attempts to make use of 'arialuni.ttf' in the '/Samples/TestFiles' 
// directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and used to come together with Windows and 
// MS Office.
// 
// In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use another wide coverage
// font, like Google Noto, GNU UniFont, or cyberbit. Many of these are freely available,
// and there is a list maintained at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_font
// 
// If no specific font file can be loaded, the demo will fall back to system specific font
// substitution routines, and the result will depend on which fonts are available.
//
// Run "go get golang.org/x/text/encoding/unicode" and "go get golang.org/x/text/transform" to install, 
// if these two packages are not presented.
 
func ReadUnicodeTextLinesFromFile(  writer ElementWriter, 
                                    indexedFont Font, 
                                    eb ElementBuilder, 
                                    linePos float64, 
                                    lineSpace float64, 
                                    showNumOfLines bool, 
                                    readLines bool){
    file, err := os.Open(inputPath + "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
    defer file.Close()
    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(transform.NewReader(file, unicode.UTF16(unicode.LittleEndian, unicode.UseBOM).NewDecoder()))
    i := 0
    if(showNumOfLines){
        for scanner.Scan() {
            i++
        }
        fmt.Println("Read in " + strconv.Itoa(i) + " lines of Unicode text from file")
    }else if(readLines){
        for scanner.Scan() {
            shapedText := indexedFont.GetShapedText(scanner.Text())
            element := eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shapedText)
            element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5, 50.0, linePos-lineSpace*(float64(i+1)))
            writer.WriteElement(element)
            fmt.Println("Wrote shaped line to page")  
            i++
        }
    }
    if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
}

func main(){
    PDFNetInitialize(PDFTronLicense.Key)
    
    doc := NewPDFDoc()
    eb := NewElementBuilder()
    writer := NewElementWriter()
    
    // Start a new page ------------------------------------
    page := doc.PageCreate(NewRect(0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 794.0))
    
    writer.Begin(page)    // begin writing to this page
       
    // Embed and subset the font
    fontProgram := inputPath + "ARIALUNI.TTF"
    fnt := FontCreate(doc.GetSDFDoc(), "Helvetica", "")
    if _, err := os.Stat(fontProgram); err == nil{
      // fontProgram exists
      fnt = FontCreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), fontProgram, true, true)
      fmt.Println("Note: using " + fontProgram + " for unshaped unicode text")
    }else if os.IsNotExist(err){
        if runtime.GOOS == "windows"{
            fontProgram = "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF"
            if _, err := os.Stat(fontProgram); err == nil{
              // fontProgram exists
                fnt = FontCreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), fontProgram, true, true)
                fmt.Println("Note: using " + fontProgram + " for unshaped unicode text")
            }else if os.IsNotExist(err){
                fmt.Println("Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text")
            }else{
                fmt.Println(err)
            }
        }
    }else{
        fmt.Println(err)
    }

    element := eb.CreateTextBegin(fnt, 1.0)
    element.SetTextMatrix(10.0, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 50.0, 600.0)
    element.GetGState().SetLeading(2)         // Set the spacing between lines
    writer.WriteElement(element)

    // Hello World!
    hello := []uint16{'H','e','l','l','o',' ','W','o','r','l','d','!'}
    fmt.Println(hello)
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&hello[0], uint(len(hello))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Latin
    latin := []uint16{'a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', 0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0, 
            0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152, '1', '2' }// etc.
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&latin[0], uint(len(latin))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

    // Greek
    greek := []uint16{0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1,0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&greek[0], uint(len(greek))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Cyrillic
    cyrillic := []uint16{0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
                0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&cyrillic[0], uint(len(cyrillic))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Hebrew
    hebrew := []uint16{0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8,
              0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&hebrew[0], uint(len(hebrew))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Arabic
    arabic := []uint16{0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C,
              0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&arabic[0], uint(len(arabic))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Thai
    thai := []uint16{0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09, 
            0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&thai[0], uint(len(thai))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Hiragana - Japanese 
    hiragana := []uint16{0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049,
                0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&hiragana[0], uint(len(hiragana))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // CJK Unified Ideographs 
    cjk_uni := []uint16{0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849, 
               0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&cjk_uni[0], uint(len(cjk_uni))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    // Simplified Chinese
    chineseSimplified := []uint16{0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d}
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(&chineseSimplified[0], uint(len(chineseSimplified))))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

    // Finish the block of text
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())

    fmt.Println("Now using text shaping logic to place text")

    // Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
    // normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
    // directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
    // method to take care of this detail for us.
    indexedFont := FontCreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), inputPath + "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", true, true, FontE_Indices)
    element = eb.CreateTextBegin(indexedFont, 10.0)
    writer.WriteElement(element)

    linePos := 350.0
    lineSpace := 20.0

    // Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
    shapedText := indexedFont.GetShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:")

    // transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
    element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shapedText)
    element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5, 50.0, linePos)
    writer.WriteElement(element)
    // read in unicode text lines from a file
    ReadUnicodeTextLinesFromFile(writer, indexedFont, eb, linePos, lineSpace, true, false)
    ReadUnicodeTextLinesFromFile(writer, indexedFont, eb, linePos, lineSpace, false, true)
    
    // Finish the block of text
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())

    writer.End()    // save changes to the current page
    doc.PagePushBack(page)
    
    doc.Save(outputPath + "unicodewrite.pdf", uint(SDFDocE_remove_unused | SDFDocE_hex_strings))
    fmt.Println("Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...")
    
    doc.Close()
    PDFNetTerminate()
}
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="JavaScript" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```js
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2001-2024 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Consult legal.txt regarding legal and license information.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

const fs = require('fs')
const process = require('process');
const { PDFNet } = require('@pdftron/pdfnet-node');
const PDFTronLicense = require('../LicenseKey/LicenseKey');

((exports) => {

  exports.runUnicodeWriteTest = () => {

    const main = async () => {
      try {
        // Relative path to the folder containing test files.
        const inputPath = '../TestFiles/';
        const outputPath = '../TestFiles/Output/';

        const doc = await PDFNet.PDFDoc.create();
        doc.initSecurityHandler();

        const eb = await PDFNet.ElementBuilder.create(); // ElementBuilder, used to build new element Objects
        const writer = await PDFNet.ElementWriter.create(); // ElementWriter, used to write elements to the page

        // Start a new page ------------------------------------
        let page = await doc.pageCreate(new PDFNet.Rect(0, 0, 612, 794));

        await writer.beginOnPage(page);

        let font_program = inputPath + 'ARIALUNI.TTF';

        if (!fs.existsSync(font_program)) {
          font_program = 'C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF';
          if (process.platform !== 'win32' || !fs.existsSync(font_program)) {
            font_program = '';
          }
        }

        let fnt;
        if (font_program.length) {
          console.log('Note: using ' + font_program + ' for unshaped unicode text');
          // if we can find a specific wide-coverage font file, then use that directly
          fnt = await PDFNet.Font.createCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, font_program, true, true);
        } else {
          console.log('Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text');
          // if we can't find a specific file, then use system font subsitution 
          // as a fallback, using 'Helvetica' as a hint
          fnt = await PDFNet.Font.createFromName(doc, 'Helvetica', '');
        }

        let element = await eb.createTextBeginWithFont(fnt, 1);
        await element.setTextMatrixEntries(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600);
        await (await element.getGState()).setLeading(2);		 // Set the spacing between lines
        await writer.writeElement(element);

        // Hello World!
        const hello = 'Hello World!';
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(hello));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Latin
        const latin = 'aAbBcCdD' + String.fromCharCode(0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0, 0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152) + '12';
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(latin));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Greek
        const greek = String.fromCharCode(0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1, 0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(greek));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Cyrillic
        const cyrillic = String.fromCharCode(
          0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
          0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(cyrillic));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Hebrew
        const hebrew = String.fromCharCode(
          0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8,
          0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(hebrew));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Arabic
        const arabic = String.fromCharCode(
          0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C,
          0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(arabic));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Thai 
        const thai = String.fromCharCode(
          0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09,
          0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(thai));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Hiragana - Japanese 
        const hiragana = String.fromCharCode(
          0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049,
          0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(hiragana));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // CJK Unified Ideographs
        const cjk_uni = String.fromCharCode(
          0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849,
          0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(cjk_uni));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Simplified Chinese
        const chinese_simplified = String.fromCharCode(0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d);
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createUnicodeTextRun(chinese_simplified));
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextNewLine());

        // Finish the block of text
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextEnd());

        console.log('Now using text shaping logic to place text');

        // Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
        // normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
        // directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
        // method to take care of this detail for us.
        const indexed_font = await PDFNet.Font.createCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, inputPath + 'NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf', true, true, PDFNet.Font.Encoding.e_Indices);
        element = await eb.createTextBeginWithFont(indexed_font, 10);
        await writer.writeElement(element);

        const line_pos = 350.0;
        const line_space = 20.0;

        // Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
        let shaped_text = await indexed_font.getShapedText('Shaped Hindi Text:');

        // transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
        element = await eb.createShapedTextRun(shaped_text);
        await element.setTextMatrixEntries(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos);
        await writer.writeElement(element);

        // read in unicode text lines from a file 
        const hindi_text = fs.readFileSync(inputPath + 'hindi_sample_utf16le.txt', 'utf16le').toString().split(/\n/);

        console.log('Read in ' + hindi_text.length + ' lines of Unicode text from file');
        for (let i = 0; i < hindi_text.length; ++i) {
          shaped_text = await indexed_font.getShapedText(hindi_text[i]);
          element = await eb.createShapedTextRun(shaped_text);
          await element.setTextMatrixEntries(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos - line_space * (i + 1));
          await writer.writeElement(element);
          console.log('Wrote shaped line to page');
        }

        // Finish the shaped block of text
        await writer.writeElement(await eb.createTextEnd());

        await writer.end();  // save changes to the current page
        await doc.pagePushBack(page);

        await doc.save(outputPath + 'unicodewrite.pdf', PDFNet.SDFDoc.SaveOptions.e_remove_unused | PDFNet.SDFDoc.SaveOptions.e_hex_strings);

        console.log('Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...');
      } catch (err) {
        console.log(err);
      }
    };
    PDFNet.runWithCleanup(main, PDFTronLicense.Key).catch(function (error) { console.log('Error: ' + JSON.stringify(error)); }).then(function () { return PDFNet.shutdown(); });
  };
  exports.runUnicodeWriteTest();
})(exports);
// eslint-disable-next-line spaced-comment
//# sourceURL=UnicodeWriteTest.js
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="PHP" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```php
<?php
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2001-2023 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Consult LICENSE.txt regarding license information.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if(file_exists("../../../PDFNetC/Lib/PDFNetPHP.php"))
include("../../../PDFNetC/Lib/PDFNetPHP.php");
include("../../LicenseKey/PHP/LicenseKey.php");

// Relative path to the folder containing the test files.
$input_path = getcwd()."/../../TestFiles/";
$output_path = $input_path."Output/";

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
// 
// Note: This demo assumes that 'arialuni.ttf' is present in '/Samples/TestFiles' 
// directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and it comes together with Windows and 
// MS Office.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function main()
{
    global $input_path, $output_path, $LicenseKey;

	PDFNet::Initialize($LicenseKey);
	PDFNet::GetSystemFontList();    // Wait for fonts to be loaded if they haven't already. This is done because PHP can run into errors when shutting down if font loading is still in progress.

	$doc = new PDFDoc();

	$builder = new ElementBuilder();
	$writer = new ElementWriter();	

	// Start a new page ------------------------------------
	$page = $doc->PageCreate(new Rect(0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 794.0));

	$writer->Begin($page);	// begin writing to this page

	// Embed and subset the font
	$font_program = $input_path."ARIALUNI.TTF";
	if (!file_exists($font_program)) {
		if (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) === 'WIN') {
			$font_program = "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF";
		}
	}
	$fnt = NULL;
	try {
		$fnt = Font::CreateCIDTrueTypeFont($doc->GetSDFDoc(), $font_program, true, true);
	}
	catch(Exception $e){

	}
	if($fnt)
	{
		echo(nl2br("Note: using " . $font_program . " for unshaped unicode text\n"));
	}
	else
	{
		echo(nl2br("Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text\n"));
		$fnt = Font::Create($doc->GetSDFDoc(), "Helvetica", "");		
	}

	$element = $builder->CreateTextBegin($fnt, 1.0);
	$element->SetTextMatrix(10.0, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 50.0, 600.0);
	$element->GetGState()->SetLeading(2);		 // Set the spacing between lines
	$writer->WriteElement($element);

	// Hello World!
	$hello = array( 'H','e','l','l','o',' ','W','o','r','l','d','!');
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($hello, count($hello)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Latin
	$latin = array(   
		'a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', 0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0, 
		0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152, '1', '2' // etc.
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($latin, count($latin)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Greek
	$greek = array(   
		0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1,0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9  // etc.
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($greek, count($greek)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Cyrillic
	$cyrillic = array(   
		0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
		0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419 // etc.
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($cyrillic, count($cyrillic)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Hebrew
	$hebrew = array(
		0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8, 
		0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1 // etc. 
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($hebrew, count($hebrew)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Arabic
	$arabic = array(
		0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C, 
		0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635 // etc. 
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($arabic, count($arabic)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Thai 
	$thai = array(
		0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09, 
		0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12 // etc. 
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($thai, count($thai)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Hiragana - Japanese 
	$hiragana = array(
		0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049, 
		0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052 // etc. 
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($hiragana, count($hiragana)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// CJK Unified Ideographs
	$cjk_uni = array(
		0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849, 
		0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852 // etc. 
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($cjk_uni, count($cjk_uni)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	// Simplified Chinese
	$chinese_simplified = array(
		0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d
	);
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateUnicodeTextRun($chinese_simplified, count($chinese_simplified)));
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextNewLine());

	echo("Now using text shaping logic to place text\n");

	// Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
	// normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
	// directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
	// method to take care of this detail for us.
	$indexed_font = Font::CreateCIDTrueTypeFont($doc->GetSDFDoc(), $input_path . "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", true, true, Font::e_Indices);
	$element = $builder->CreateTextBegin($indexed_font, 10.0);
	$writer->WriteElement($element);

	$line_pos = 350.0;
	$line_space = 20.0;

	// Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
	$shaped_text = $indexed_font->GetShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:");

	// transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
	$element = $builder->CreateShapedTextRun($shaped_text);
	$element->SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5, 50.0, $line_pos);
	$writer->WriteElement($element);

	# read in unicode text lines from a file 
	$f = fopen($input_path . "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", "r");
	$i = 0;
	while($hindi_text = fgets($f)){$i++;}
	fclose($f);
	echo("Read in " . $i . " lines of Unicode text from file\n");

	$f = fopen($input_path . "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", "r");
	$i = 0;
	while($hindi_text = fgets($f)){
		if ($i == 0)
			$tmp1 = substr($hindi_text,0,-1);
		else if($i == 1)
			$tmp1 = substr($hindi_text,1,-2); // remove the first and the last 2 characters so encoding to UTF-8 looks correct in PHP 
		$tmp = iconv($in_charset = "UTF-16LE", $out_charset="UTF-8", $tmp1);
		$shaped_text = $indexed_font->GetShapedText($tmp);
		$element = $builder->CreateShapedTextRun($shaped_text);
		$element->SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5, 50.0, $line_pos-$line_space*($i+1));
		$writer->WriteElement($element);
		echo("Wrote shaped line to page\n");
		$i++;

	}
	fclose($f);

	// Finish the block of text
	$writer->WriteElement($builder->CreateTextEnd());

	$writer->End();  // save changes to the current page
	$doc->PagePushBack($page);

	$doc->Save($output_path."unicodewrite.pdf", SDFDoc::e_remove_unused | SDFDoc::e_hex_strings);
	PDFNet::Terminate();
	echo "Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...\n";
}

main();
?>
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Python" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```python
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2001-2023 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
# Consult LICENSE.txt regarding license information.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

import site
site.addsitedir("../../../PDFNetC/Lib")
import sys
from PDFNetPython import *
import os, io

sys.path.append("../../LicenseKey/PYTHON")
from LicenseKey import *

# Relative path to the folder containing the test files.
input_path = "../../TestFiles/"
output_path = "../../TestFiles/Output/"

# This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
# 
# Note: This demo assumes that 'arialuni.ttf' is present in '/Samples/TestFiles' 
# directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and it comes together with Windows and 
# MS Office.
# 
# For more information about Arial Unicode MS, please consult the following Microsoft Knowledge 
# Base Article: WD2002: General Information About the Arial Unicode MS Font
#    http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q287/2/47.asp
# 
# For more information consult: 
#    http://office.microsoft.com/search/results.aspx?Scope=DC&Query=font&CTT=6&Origin=EC010331121033
#    http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=1F0303AE-F055-41DA-A086-A65F22CB5593
# 
# In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use cyberbit.ttf 
# (http://ftp.netscape.com/pub/communicator/extras/fonts/windows/) instead.
def main():
    PDFNet.Initialize(LicenseKey)
    
    doc = PDFDoc()
    eb = ElementBuilder()
    writer = ElementWriter()
    
    # Start a new page ------------------------------------
    page = doc.PageCreate(Rect(0, 0, 612, 794))
    
    writer.Begin(page)    # begin writing to this page
       
    # Embed and subset the font
    font_program = input_path + "ARIALUNI.TTF"
    if not os.path.isfile(font_program):
        if sys.platform == 'win32':
            font_program = "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF"
    fnt = None
    try:
        fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), font_program, True, True)
    except:
        pass

    if fnt:
        print("Note: using " + font_program + " for unshaped unicode text")
    else:
        print("Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text")
        fnt = Font.Create(doc.GetSDFDoc(), "Helvetica", "")

    element = eb.CreateTextBegin(fnt, 1)
    element.SetTextMatrix(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600)
    element.GetGState().SetLeading(2)         # Set the spacing between lines
    writer.WriteElement(element)

    # Hello World!
    hello = ['H','e','l','l','o',' ','W','o','r','l','d','!']
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hello, len(hello)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Latin
    latin = ['a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', 0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0, 
            0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152, '1', '2' ]# etc.
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((latin), len(latin)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Greek
    greek = [0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1,0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((greek), len(greek)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Cyrillic
    cyrillic = [0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
                0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((cyrillic), len(cyrillic)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Hebrew
    hebrew = [0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8,
              0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((hebrew), len(hebrew)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Arabic
    arabic = [0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C,
              0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((arabic), len(arabic)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Thai
    thai = [0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09, 
            0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((thai), len(thai)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Hiragana - Japanese 
    hiragana = [0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049,
                0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hiragana, len(hiragana)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # CJK Unified Ideographs 
    cjk_uni = [0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849, 
               0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((cjk_uni), len(cjk_uni)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
    
    # Simplified Chinese
    chinese_simplified = [0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d]
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun((chinese_simplified), len(chinese_simplified)))
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

    # Finish the block of text
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())

    print("Now using text shaping logic to place text")

    # Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
    # normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
    # directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
    # method to take care of this detail for us.
    indexed_font = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), input_path + "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", True, True, Font.e_Indices)
    element = eb.CreateTextBegin(indexed_font, 10)
    writer.WriteElement(element)

    line_pos = 350.0
    line_space = 20.0

    # Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
    shaped_text = indexed_font.GetShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:")

    # transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
    element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shaped_text);
    element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos);
    writer.WriteElement(element);

    # read in unicode text lines from a file 
    with io.open(input_path + "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", "r", encoding='utf-16-le') as f:
        hindi_text = f.readlines()
        print("Read in " + str(len(hindi_text)) + " lines of Unicode text from file")
        for i in range(len(hindi_text)):
            shaped_text = indexed_font.GetShapedText(hindi_text[i][:-1])
            element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shaped_text)
            element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos-line_space*(i+1))
            writer.WriteElement(element)
            print("Wrote shaped line to page")

    # Finish the block of text
    writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())

    writer.End()    # save changes to the current page
    doc.PagePushBack(page)
    
    doc.Save(output_path + "unicodewrite.pdf", SDFDoc.e_remove_unused | SDFDoc.e_hex_strings)
    print("Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...")
    
    doc.Close()
    PDFNet.Terminate()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Ruby" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```ruby
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2001-2023 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
# Consult LICENSE.txt regarding license information.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

require '../../../PDFNetC/Lib/PDFNetRuby'
include PDFNetRuby
require '../../LicenseKey/RUBY/LicenseKey'

$stdout.sync = true

# Relative path to the folder containing the test files.
$input_path = "../../TestFiles/"
$output_path = "../../TestFiles/Output/"

# This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
# 
# Note: This demo assumes that 'arialuni.ttf' is present in '/Samples/TestFiles' 
# directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and it comes together with Windows and 
# MS Office.
# 
# For more information about Arial Unicode MS, please consult the following Microsoft Knowledge 
# Base Article: WD2002: General Information About the Arial Unicode MS Font
#    http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q287/2/47.asp
# 
# For more information consult: 
#    http://office.microsoft.com/search/results.aspx?Scope=DC&Query=font&CTT=6&Origin=EC010331121033
#    http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=1F0303AE-F055-41DA-A086-A65F22CB5593
# 
# In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use cyberbit.ttf 
# (http://ftp.netscape.com/pub/communicator/extras/fonts/windows/) instead.
def main()
	PDFNet.Initialize(PDFTronLicense.Key)
    
	doc = PDFDoc.new
	eb = ElementBuilder.new
	writer = ElementWriter.new
	# Start a new page ------------------------------------
	page = doc.PageCreate(Rect.new(0, 0, 612, 794))
	writer.Begin(page)    # begin writing to this page

	# Embed and subset the font
	font_program = $input_path + "ARIALUNI.TTF"
	if not File.file?(font_program)
		if ENV['OS'] == "Windows_NT"
			font_program = "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF"
			puts "Note: Using ARIALUNI.TTF from C:/Windows/Fonts directory."
		end
	end
	begin
		fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), font_program, true, true)
	rescue
	end

	if not fnt.nil?
		puts "Note: using " + font_program + " for unshaped unicode text"
	else
		puts "Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text"
		fnt = Font.Create(doc.GetSDFDoc(), "Helvetica", "")
	end

	element = eb.CreateTextBegin(fnt, 1)
	element.SetTextMatrix(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600)
	element.GetGState.SetLeading(2)         # Set the spacing between lines
	writer.WriteElement(element)

	# Hello World!
	hello = ['H','e','l','l','o',' ','W','o','r','l','d','!']
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hello, hello.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)

	# Latin
	latin = ['a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'C', 'd', 'D', 0x45, 0x0046, 0x00C0, 
		0x00C1, 0x00C2, 0x0143, 0x0144, 0x0145, 0x0152, '1', '2' ]# etc.
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(latin, latin.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Greek
	greek = [0x039E, 0x039F, 0x03A0, 0x03A1,0x03A3, 0x03A6, 0x03A8, 0x03A9]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(greek, greek.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Cyrillic
	cyrillic = [0x0409, 0x040A, 0x040B, 0x040C, 0x040E, 0x040F, 0x0410, 0x0411,
		0x0412, 0x0413, 0x0414, 0x0415, 0x0416, 0x0417, 0x0418, 0x0419]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(cyrillic, cyrillic.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Hebrew
	hebrew = [0x05D0, 0x05D1, 0x05D3, 0x05D3, 0x05D4, 0x05D5, 0x05D6, 0x05D7, 0x05D8,
		0x05D9, 0x05DA, 0x05DB, 0x05DC, 0x05DD, 0x05DE, 0x05DF, 0x05E0, 0x05E1]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hebrew, hebrew.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Arabic
	arabic = [0x0624, 0x0625, 0x0626, 0x0627, 0x0628, 0x0629, 0x062A, 0x062B, 0x062C,
		0x062D, 0x062E, 0x062F, 0x0630, 0x0631, 0x0632, 0x0633, 0x0634, 0x0635]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(arabic, arabic.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Thai
	thai = [0x0E01, 0x0E02, 0x0E03, 0x0E04, 0x0E05, 0x0E06, 0x0E07, 0x0E08, 0x0E09, 
		0x0E0A, 0x0E0B, 0x0E0C, 0x0E0D, 0x0E0E, 0x0E0F, 0x0E10, 0x0E11, 0x0E12]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(thai, thai.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Hiragana - Japanese 
	hiragana = [0x3041, 0x3042, 0x3043, 0x3044, 0x3045, 0x3046, 0x3047, 0x3048, 0x3049,
		0x304A, 0x304B, 0x304C, 0x304D, 0x304E, 0x304F, 0x3051, 0x3051, 0x3052]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hiragana, hiragana.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# CJK Unified Ideographs 
	cjk_uni = [0x5841, 0x5842, 0x5843, 0x5844, 0x5845, 0x5846, 0x5847, 0x5848, 0x5849, 
		0x584A, 0x584B, 0x584C, 0x584D, 0x584E, 0x584F, 0x5850, 0x5851, 0x5852]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(cjk_uni, cjk_uni.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)
    
	# Simplified Chinese
	chinese_simplified = [0x4e16, 0x754c, 0x60a8, 0x597d]
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(chinese_simplified, chinese_simplified.length))
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine)

	puts "Now using text shaping logic to place text"

	# Create a font in indexed encoding mode 
	# normally this would mean that we are required to provide glyph indices
	# directly to CreateUnicodeTextRun, but instead, we will use the GetShapedText
	# method to take care of this detail for us.
	indexed_font = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), $input_path + "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", true, true, Font::E_Indices)
	element = eb.CreateTextBegin(indexed_font, 10)
	writer.WriteElement(element)

	line_pos = 350.0
	line_space = 20.0

	# Transform unicode text into an abstract collection of glyph indices and positioning info 
	shaped_text = indexed_font.GetShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:")

	# transform the shaped text info into a PDF element and write it to the page
	element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shaped_text)
	element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos)
	writer.WriteElement(element)

	# read in unicode text lines from a file 
	line_num=0
	File.open($input_path +"hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", "rb:UTF-16LE").each do |line|
		line_num += 1
	end
	puts "Read in %d lines of Unicode text from file" % line_num

	i=0
	File.open($input_path + "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", "rb:UTF-16LE") do |f|
	f.each_line do |line|
		begin
			shaped_text = indexed_font.GetShapedText(line[0..-2].encode('utf-8'))
			element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shaped_text)
			element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, line_pos-line_space*(i+1))
			writer.WriteElement(element)
			puts "Wrote shaped line to page"
			i+=1
		rescue
		end
	end
	end

	# Finish the block of text
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())

	# Finish the block of text
	writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd)
    
	writer.End    # save changes to the current page
	doc.PagePushBack(page)
    
	doc.Save($output_path + "unicodewrite.pdf", SDFDoc::E_remove_unused | SDFDoc::E_hex_strings)
	puts "Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf..."
    
	doc.Close
	PDFNet.Terminate
end

main()
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="VB" %}
{% code lineNumbers="true" %}

```vb
'
' Copyright (c) 2001-2024 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
'

Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Text
Imports pdftron
Imports pdftron.Common
Imports pdftron.Filters
Imports pdftron.SDF
Imports pdftron.PDF

' This example illustrates how to create Unicode text and how to embed composite fonts.
Module UnicodeWriteTestVB
	Dim pdfNetLoader As PDFNetLoader
	Sub New()
		pdfNetLoader = pdftron.PDFNetLoader.Instance()
	End Sub

	' Note: This demo assumes that 'arialuni.ttf' is present in '/Samples/TestFiles' 
	' directory. Arial Unicode MS is about 24MB in size and it comes together with Windows and 
	' MS Office.
	' 
	' For more information about Arial Unicode MS, please consult the following Microsoft Knowledge 
	' Base Article: WD2002: General Information About the Arial Unicode MS Font
	'  http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q287/2/47.asp
	'
	' For more information consult: 
	'    http://office.microsoft.com/search/results.aspx?Scope=DC&Query=font&CTT=6&Origin=EC010331121033
	'    http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=1F0303AE-F055-41DA-A086-A65F22CB5593
	' 
	' In case you don't have access to Arial Unicode MS you can use cyberbit.ttf 
	' (ftp://ftp.netscape.com/pub/communicator/extras/fonts/windows/) instead.
	'
	Sub Main()

		PDFNet.Initialize(PDFTronLicense.Key)

		' Relative path to the folder containing test files.
		Dim input_path As String = "../../../../TestFiles/"
		Dim output_path As String = "../../../../TestFiles/Output/"

		Try
			Using doc As PDFDoc = New PDFDoc
				Using eb As ElementBuilder = New ElementBuilder
					Using writer As ElementWriter = New ElementWriter

						' Start a new page ------------------------------------
						Dim page As Page = doc.PageCreate(New Rect(0, 0, 612, 794))

						writer.Begin(page)		  ' begin writing to this page

						Dim fnt As Font
						Try

							' Full font embedding
							Dim myfont As System.Drawing.Font = New System.Drawing.Font("Arial Unicode MS", 12)
							fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc.GetSDFDoc(), myfont, True, True)

							' To embed the font file directly use:
							' fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path + "arialuni.ttf", true, true)

							' Example of font substitution
							' fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path + "arialuni.ttf", false)
						Catch e As PDFNetException
						End Try

						If fnt Is Nothing Then
							Try
								fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path & "ARIALUNI.TTF", True, True)
							Catch e As PDFNetException
							End Try
						End If

						If fnt Is Nothing Then
							Try
								fnt = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, "C:/Windows/Fonts/ARIALUNI.TTF", True, True)
							Catch e As PDFNetException
							End Try
						End If

						If fnt Is Nothing Then
							Console.WriteLine("Note: using system font substitution for unshaped unicode text")
							fnt = Font.Create(doc, "Helvetica", "")
						Else
							Console.WriteLine("Note: using Arial Unicode for unshaped unicode text")
						End If

						Dim element As Element = eb.CreateTextBegin(fnt, 1)
						element.SetTextMatrix(10, 0, 0, 10, 50, 600)
						element.GetGState().SetLeading(2)			' Set the spacing between lines
						writer.WriteElement(element)

						' Hello World!!!
						Dim hello As String = "Hello World!"
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(hello))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Latin
						Dim latin As Char() = { _
							"a"c, "A"c, "b"c, "B"c, "c"c, "C"c, "d"c, "D"c, ChrW(&H45), ChrW(&H46), ChrW(&HC0), _
							ChrW(&HC1), ChrW(&HC2), ChrW(&H143), ChrW(&H144), ChrW(&H145), ChrW(&H152), "1"c, "2"c _
							}			 ' etc.

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(latin)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Greek
						Dim greek As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&H39E), ChrW(&H39F), ChrW(&H3A0), ChrW(&H3A1), ChrW(&H3A3), ChrW(&H3A6), ChrW(&H3A8), ChrW(&H3A9) _
							}			 ' etc.

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(greek)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Cyrillic
						Dim cyrillic As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&H409), ChrW(&H40A), ChrW(&H40B), ChrW(&H40C), ChrW(&H40E), ChrW(&H40F), ChrW(&H410), ChrW(&H411), _
							ChrW(&H412), ChrW(&H413), ChrW(&H414), ChrW(&H415), ChrW(&H416), ChrW(&H417), ChrW(&H418), ChrW(&H419) _
							}			 ' etc.

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(cyrillic)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Hebrew
						Dim hebrew As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&H5D0), ChrW(&H5D1), ChrW(&H5D3), ChrW(&H5D3), ChrW(&H5D4), ChrW(&H5D5), ChrW(&H5D6), ChrW(&H5D7), ChrW(&H5D8), _
							ChrW(&H5D9), ChrW(&H5DA), ChrW(&H5DB), ChrW(&H5DC), ChrW(&H5DD), ChrW(&H5DE), ChrW(&H5DF), ChrW(&H5E0), ChrW(&H5E1) _
							}			 ' etc. 

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(hebrew)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Arabic
						Dim arabic As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&H624), ChrW(&H625), ChrW(&H626), ChrW(&H627), ChrW(&H628), ChrW(&H629), ChrW(&H62A), ChrW(&H62B), ChrW(&H62C), _
							ChrW(&H62D), ChrW(&H62E), ChrW(&H62F), ChrW(&H630), ChrW(&H631), ChrW(&H632), ChrW(&H633), ChrW(&H634), ChrW(&H635) _
							}			 ' etc. 

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(arabic)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Thai 
						Dim thai As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&HE01), ChrW(&HE02), ChrW(&HE03), ChrW(&HE04), ChrW(&HE05), ChrW(&HE06), ChrW(&HE07), ChrW(&HE08), ChrW(&HE09), _
							ChrW(&HE0A), ChrW(&HE0B), ChrW(&HE0C), ChrW(&HE0D), ChrW(&HE0E), ChrW(&HE0F), ChrW(&HE10), ChrW(&HE11), ChrW(&HE12) _
							}			 ' etc. 

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(thai)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' Hiragana - Japanese 
						Dim hiragana As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&H3041), ChrW(&H3042), ChrW(&H3043), ChrW(&H3044), ChrW(&H3045), ChrW(&H3046), ChrW(&H3047), ChrW(&H3048), ChrW(&H3049), _
							ChrW(&H304A), ChrW(&H304B), ChrW(&H304C), ChrW(&H304D), ChrW(&H304E), ChrW(&H304F), ChrW(&H3051), ChrW(&H3051), ChrW(&H3052) _
							}			 ' etc. 

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(hiragana)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						' CJK Unified Ideographs
						Dim cjk_uni As Char() = { _
							ChrW(&H5841), ChrW(&H5842), ChrW(&H5843), ChrW(&H5844), ChrW(&H5845), ChrW(&H5846), ChrW(&H5847), ChrW(&H5848), ChrW(&H5849), _
							ChrW(&H584A), ChrW(&H584B), ChrW(&H584C), ChrW(&H584D), ChrW(&H584E), ChrW(&H584F), ChrW(&H5850), ChrW(&H5851), ChrW(&H5852) _
							}			 ' etc. 

						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(cjk_uni)))
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())

						Dim chinese_simplified As Char() = {ChrW(&H4e16), ChrW(&H754c), ChrW(&H60a8),ChrW(&H597D)}
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateUnicodeTextRun(New String(chinese_simplified)))
							writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextNewLine())
	
						' Finish the block of text
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())
						Console.WriteLine("Now using text shaping logic to place text")

						Dim indexedFont As Font = Font.CreateCIDTrueTypeFont(doc, input_path & "NotoSans_with_hindi.ttf", True, True, Font.Encoding.e_Indices)
						element = eb.CreateTextBegin(indexedFont, 10.0)
						writer.WriteElement(element)
						Dim linePos As Double = 350.0
						Dim lineSpace As Double = 20.0
						Dim shapedText As ShapedText = indexedFont.GetShapedText("Shaped Hindi Text:")
						element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shapedText)
						element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, linePos)
						linePos -= lineSpace
						writer.WriteElement(element)
						Dim hindiTextLines As String() = File.ReadAllLines(input_path & "hindi_sample_utf16le.txt", Encoding.UTF8)

						Console.WriteLine("Read in " & hindiTextLines.Length & " lines of Unicode text from file")
						For Each textLine As String In hindiTextLines
							shapedText = indexedFont.GetShapedText(textLine)
							element = eb.CreateShapedTextRun(shapedText)
							element.SetTextMatrix(1.5, 0, 0, 1.5, 50, linePos)
							linePos -= lineSpace
							writer.WriteElement(element)
							Console.WriteLine("Wrote shaped line to page")
						Next
						writer.WriteElement(eb.CreateTextEnd())
						writer.End()			  ' save changes to the current page
						doc.PagePushBack(page)

						doc.Save(output_path + "unicodewrite.pdf", SDF.SDFDoc.SaveOptions.e_remove_unused Or SDF.SDFDoc.SaveOptions.e_hex_strings)
						Console.WriteLine("Done. Result saved in unicodewrite.pdf...")
					End Using
				End Using
			End Using

		Catch ex As PDFNetException

			Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
			Console.WriteLine()

		Catch ex As Exception

			MsgBox(ex.Message)

		End Try
		PDFNet.Terminate()
	End Sub

End Module
```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}


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