> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.apryse.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.apryse.com/web/get-started/samples/showcase-demo-pdf-page-manipulation-api.md).

# PDF Page Manipulation API Showcase Demo Code Sample

Perform page manipulation, including split, merge, append, replicate, reorder, and more.

{% hint style="info" %}
**Requirements**

*These packages are required to use these features in production. Trial keys have unlimited access to all features*

<a href="/web/get-started/readme.md" class="button primary">Web SDK</a><a href="https://apryse.com/capabilities#PageManipulation" class="button primary">Package: Page Manipulation</a><a href="https://showcase.apryse.com/pdf-page-manipulation-api" class="button primary">Live demo</a>
{% endhint %}

Easily perform changes to PDF pages, including split, merge, append, replicate, reorder, and more.

This demo allows you to:

* Choose your own PDF file.
* Perform programmatic page manipulation:
  * Split
  * Merge
  * Append
  * Replicate
  * Reorder
  * and more
* Download edited document.

**Implementation steps**

To add PDF Page Manipulation capability with WebViewer: Step 1: [Get started with WebViewer](/web/get-started/readme.md) in your preferred web stack. Step 2: Add the ES6 JavaScript sample code provided in this guide.

Once you generate your license key, it will automatically be included in your sample code below.

{% @apryse-license-key/apryse-license-key platform="WEB\_VIEWER" variant="compact" %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="index.js" %}

<pre class="language-js" data-line-numbers><code class="lang-js">
// ES6 Compliant Syntax
// GitHub Copilot - GPT-4 Model - October 16, 2025
// File: pdf-page-manipulation-api/index.js

import WebViewer from '@pdftron/webviewer';
import { saveAs } from 'file-saver';

const licenseKey = '<code class="expression">visitor.claims.wvKey || "YOUR_WEBVIEWER_LICENSE_KEY"</code>';
// Global variables
const element = document.getElementById('viewer');
let instance = null;

// Initialize WebViewer
function initializeWebViewer() {
  if (!element) {
    console.error('Viewer div not found.');
    return;
  }
  // Initialize WebViewer
  WebViewer({
    path: '/lib',
    licenseKey: licenseKey,
    initialDoc: 'https://apryse.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/public/files/samples/WebviewerDemoDoc.pdf',
    enableFilePicker: true, // Enable file picker to open files. In WebViewer -> menu icon -> Open File
  }, element).then((inst) => {
    instance = inst;
    const { documentViewer} = instance.Core;
    documentViewer.addEventListener('documentLoaded', () => {
      const doc = documentViewer.getDocument();
      console.log(`Document loaded with ${doc.getPageCount()} pages.`);
      createUIElements().then(() => {
        // Now initialize rotateAngle options values (after UI elements are created)
        if (window.rotateAngle) {
          window.rotateAngle.children[0].value = instance.Core.PageRotation.E_90;
          window.rotateAngle.children[1].value = instance.Core.PageRotation.E_180;
          window.rotateAngle.children[2].value = instance.Core.PageRotation.E_270;
        } else {
          console.error('rotateAngle element not found after UI creation');
        }
        // activate thumbnails panel
        instance.UI.openElements(['tabPanel']);
        instance.UI.setActiveTabInPanel({ tabPanel: 'tabPanel', tabName: 'thumbnailsPanel' });
      });
    });
  });
} // Close initializeWebViewer function

// validate page number input
const validPageNumber = (pageNum, doc) => {
  if (pageNum > doc.getPageCount() || pageNum &#x3C; 1) {
    alert('Please enter a valid page number.');
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

// convert a string like "1,2,5-7" to an array of numbers [1,2,5,6,7]
const parseStringToNumberArray = (val, maxVal) => {
  // check for valid number, comma, or dash pattern
  if (!/^[0-9]+([,-][0-9]+)*$/.test(val)) {
    return [];
  }
  const numbers = [];
  val.split(',').forEach((group) => {
    const range = group.split('-');
    const start = Number(range[0]);
    let end = Number(range.length === 1 ? range[0] : range[1]);
    if (end > maxVal) {
      end = maxVal;
    }
    for (let i = start; i &#x3C;= end; i++) {
      numbers.push(i);
    }
  });
  return numbers;
}

// delete specified pages from document
const deletePages = () => {
  const doc = instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument();
  const pageNumbers = pagesRange.value;
  const result = parseStringToNumberArray(pageNumbers, doc.getPageCount());
  if (!validPageNumber(pageNumbers, doc)) return;
  if (result.length === doc.getPageCount()) {
    alert('Cannot delete all pages in the document.');
    return;
  }
  if (result.length > 0) {
    doc.removePages(result);
  } else {
    alert('Please enter a comma or dash separated list of valid page numbers ex 1,2,3-5 for the first 5 pages');
  }
}

// rotate specified pages in document
const rotatePages = () => {
  const pageNumbers = pagesRange.value;
  const rotation = Number(rotateAngle.value);
  const doc = instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument();
  if (!validPageNumber(pageNumbers, doc)) return;
  let result = [];
  if (pageNumbers) {
    result = parseStringToNumberArray(pageNumbers, doc.getPageCount());
  } else {
    // No page numbers provided, rotating all pages
    for (let i = 1; i &#x3C;= doc.getPageCount(); i++) {
      result.push(i);
    }
  }
  if (result.length > 0) {
    doc.rotatePages(result, rotation);
  } else {
    alert('Please enter a comma or dash separated list of valid page numbers ex 1,2,3-5 for the first 5 pages');
  }
}

// move a page to a new location in the document
const movePage = () => {
  const doc = instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument();
  const pageOne = Number(pageInput.value);
  let pageTwo = Number(locationInput.value);
  if (!validPageNumber(pageOne, doc) || !validPageNumber(pageTwo, doc)) return;
  if (pageOne &#x3C; pageTwo) pageTwo++; // adjust for removing the "from" page
  doc.movePages([pageOne], pageTwo);
}

// insert a blank page at the specified location
const insertBlankPage = () => {
  let pageNumber = Number(pageInput.value);
  const doc = instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument();
  if (pageNumber === -1) { // append to end
    pageNumber = doc.getPageCount() + 1;
  } else if (!validPageNumber(pageNumber, doc)) return;
  const pageSize = doc.getPageInfo(1);
  doc.insertBlankPages([pageNumber], pageSize.width, pageSize.height);
}

// extract specified pages from document and save as a new file
const extractPages = async () => {
  const pageNumbers = pagesRange.value;
  const doc = instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument();
  const pageCount = doc.getPageCount();
  if (!validPageNumber(pageNumbers, doc)) return;
  let pagesToExtract = [];
  if (pageNumbers) {
    pagesToExtract = parseStringToNumberArray(pageNumbers, pageCount);
  } else {
    for (let i = 1; i &#x3C;= pageCount; i++) {
      pagesToExtract.push(i);
    }
  }
  if (pagesToExtract.length > 0) {
    const annotList = instance.Core.annotationManager.getAnnotationsList().filter((annot) => pagesToExtract.indexOf(annot.PageNumber) > -1);
    const xfdfString = await instance.Core.annotationManager.exportAnnotations({ annotationList: annotList });
    doc.extractPages(pagesToExtract, xfdfString).then((data) => {
      const arr = new Uint8Array(data);
      const blob = new Blob([arr], { type: 'application/pdf' });
      saveAs(blob, 'extracted.pdf');
    });
  } else {
    alert('Please enter a comma or dash separated list of valid page numbers ex 1,2,3-5 for the first 5 pages');
  }
}

// crop the specified page by the specified pixel amounts from 4 sides
const cropPage = () => {
  const pageNumber = Number(pageInput.value);
  const doc = instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument();
  if (!validPageNumber(pageNumber, doc)) return;
  const top = Number(cropTop.value);
  const bottom = Number(cropBottom.value);
  const left = Number(cropLeft.value);
  const right = Number(cropRight.value);
  doc.cropPages([pageNumber], top, bottom, left, right);
}

// merge an uploaded document into the current document at the specified location
const mergeDocuments = () => {
  if (!window.newDoc) {
    alert('Please upload a document to merge first');
    return;
  }
  const pageNumbers = pagesRange.value;
  let pagesToInsert = [];
  if (pageNumbers) {
    pagesToInsert = parseStringToNumberArray(pageNumbers, window.newDoc.getPageCount());
  } else {
    for (let i = 1; i &#x3C;= window.newDoc.getPageCount(); i++) {
      pagesToInsert.push(i);
    }
  }
  const locationToInsert = Number(locationInput.value);
  if (pagesToInsert.length > 0) {
    instance.Core.documentViewer.getDocument().insertPages(window.newDoc, pagesToInsert, locationToInsert);
  } else {
    alert('Please enter a comma or dash separated list of valid page numbers ex 1,2,3-5 for the first 5 pages');
  }
}

// Expose functions to global scope for UI elements
window.deletePages = deletePages;
window.rotatePages = rotatePages;
window.movePage = movePage;
window.insertBlankPage = insertBlankPage;
window.extractPages = extractPages;
window.cropPage = cropPage;
window.mergeDocuments = mergeDocuments;
window.parseStringToNumberArray = parseStringToNumberArray;
window.validPageNumber = validPageNumber;

// UI Elements
// Function to create and initialize UI elements
function createUIElements() {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    // Create a container for all controls (label, dropdown, and buttons)
    // Dynamically load ui-elements.js if not already loaded
    if (typeof UIElements === 'undefined') {
      const script = document.createElement('script');
      script.src = '/showcase-demos/pdf-page-manipulation-api/ui-elements.js';
      script.onload = () => {
        console.log('ui-elements.js loaded successfully');
        UIElements.init(instance);
        resolve(); // Resolve when UI elements are created
      };
      script.onerror = () => {
        console.error('Failed to load ui-elements.js');
        resolve(); // Resolve even on error to prevent hanging
      };
      document.head.appendChild(script);
    } else {
      console.log('UIElements already available, initializing...');
      UIElements.init(instance);
      resolve(); // Resolve immediately if UIElements is already loaded
    }
  });
}

// Initialize WebViewer when the window loads
initializeWebViewer();
</code></pre>

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="ui-elements.js" %}
{% code title="ui-elements.js" lineNumbers="true" %}

```js
// ES6 Compliant Syntax
// GitHub Copilot, Claude Sonnet 4 (Preview), October 16, 2025
// File: showcase-demos/pdf-page-manipulation-api/ui-elements.js

class UIElements {

  static init(instance) {
    this.createUIElements(instance);
  }

  static createUIElements(instance) {
    const element = document.getElementById('viewer');
    let newDoc = null; // document to merge into the current document

    // Check if controls container already exists
    let controlsContainer = document.getElementById('controls-container');
    if (controlsContainer) {
      console.log('Controls container already exists, skipping creation');
      return; // Exit early if container already exists
    }

    // UI section
    // Create a container and insert the controls in it
    controlsContainer = document.createElement('div');
    const commandsList = document.createElement('select');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(commandsList);
    const uploadButton = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(uploadButton);
    const pagesRange = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(pagesRange);
    const rotateAngle = document.createElement('select');
    window.rotateAngle = rotateAngle; // expose to global scope for function access 
    controlsContainer.appendChild(rotateAngle);
    const topLabel = document.createElement('label');
    topLabel.textContent = 'Top';
    controlsContainer.appendChild(topLabel);
    const cropTop = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(cropTop);
    const bottomLabel = document.createElement('label');
    bottomLabel.textContent = 'Bottom';
    controlsContainer.appendChild(bottomLabel);
    const cropBottom = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(cropBottom);
    const leftLabel = document.createElement('label');
    leftLabel.textContent = 'Left';
    controlsContainer.appendChild(leftLabel);
    const cropLeft = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(cropLeft);
    const rightLabel = document.createElement('label');
    rightLabel.textContent = 'Right';
    controlsContainer.appendChild(rightLabel);
    const cropRight = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(cropRight);
    cropTop.type = cropBottom.type = cropLeft.type = cropRight.type = 'number';
    cropTop.className = cropBottom.className = cropLeft.className = cropRight.className = 'elements-style';
    cropTop.value = cropBottom.value = cropLeft.value = cropRight.value = 50;

    const pageInput = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(pageInput);
    const locationInput = document.createElement('input');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(locationInput);
    const runCommandButton = document.createElement('button');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(runCommandButton);
    const br = document.createElement('br');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(br);
    const promptLabel = document.createElement('label');
    controlsContainer.appendChild(promptLabel);
    controlsContainer.className = 'control-container';

    uploadButton.type = 'file';
    uploadButton.accept = '.pdf,.jpg,.jpeg,.png';
    uploadButton.onchange = async (e) => {
      const file = e.target.files[0];
      const split = file.name.split('.');
      const ext = split[split.length - 1];
      newDoc = await instance.Core.createDocument(file, {
        extension: ext,
        filename: file.name,
      });
      
      // Update the global reference so it's available for merge operations
      window.newDoc = newDoc;
      console.log('File uploaded and newDoc updated:', file.name);
    }

    rotateAngle.className = commandsList.className = 'list-style';
    pagesRange.className = pageInput.className = locationInput.className = 'elements-style';
    uploadButton.className = runCommandButton.className = 'btn';
    pagesRange.type = 'text';
    pagesRange.placeholder = '1,2,3-5';
    [90, 180, 270].forEach(deg => { // create rotate angle UI elements
      const option = document.createElement('option');
      //option.value will be set after WebViewer is initialized because values are in instance.Core.PageRotation
      option.textContent = deg.toString()+'\u00b0'; // degree symbol °
      rotateAngle.appendChild(option);
    });
    pageInput.type = 'text';
    pageInput.placeholder = 'Page #';
    locationInput.type = 'text';
    locationInput.placeholder = 'to page #';
    runCommandButton.textContent = 'Run Command';
    


    runCommandButton.onclick = () => commandsArray[commandsList.selectedIndex].executeCommand();
    const commandsArray = [
      { value: 'Select Command', executeCommand: () => alert('Select a command from the list'), visibleItems: [],
        text: 'Select a command from the list' },
      { value: 'Rotate pages',  executeCommand: () => window.rotatePages(), visibleItems: [pagesRange, rotateAngle],
        text: 'Enter a comma or dash separated list of page numbers to rotate (leave empty for all pages)' },
      { value: 'Delete pages',  executeCommand: () => window.deletePages(), visibleItems: [pagesRange],
        text: 'Enter a comma or dash separated list of page numbers to delete' },
      { value: 'Move page', executeCommand: () => window.movePage(), visibleItems: [pageInput, locationInput],
      text: 'Enter  page number to move then location to move it to' },
      { value: 'Insert blank page', executeCommand: () => window.insertBlankPage(), visibleItems: [pageInput],
        text: 'Enter a page number to add a blank page at (-1 to append at end)' },
      { value: 'Split / extract pages', executeCommand: () => window.extractPages(), visibleItems: [pagesRange],
        text: 'Enter a comma or dash separated list of page numbers to extract (leave empty for all pages)' },
      { value: 'Crop pages', executeCommand: () => window.cropPage(), visibleItems: [pageInput, cropTop, cropBottom, cropLeft, cropRight, topLabel, bottomLabel, leftLabel, rightLabel],
        text: 'Enter amount of pixels to crop, and then a page number (cropping cannot be undone)' },
      { value: 'Merge documents', executeCommand: () => window.mergeDocuments(), visibleItems: [uploadButton, pagesRange, locationInput],
        text: 'Upload document to merge then enter list of pages to insert (leave empty for all pages) and position to insert the pages at' },
    ];
    commandsArray.forEach(cmd => { // create a UI element in the list for each command
      const option = document.createElement('option');
      option.value = cmd.value;
      option.textContent = cmd.value;
      commandsList.appendChild(option);
    });
    const hideAllItems = () => [uploadButton, pagesRange, rotateAngle, pageInput, locationInput, cropTop, cropBottom, cropLeft, cropRight, topLabel, bottomLabel, leftLabel, rightLabel].forEach(item => item.style.display = 'none');
    commandsList.onchange = (e) => {
      const selectedIndex = e.target.selectedIndex;
      promptLabel.textContent = commandsArray[selectedIndex].text;
      hideAllItems();
      commandsArray[selectedIndex].visibleItems.forEach(item => item.style.display = '');
    }
    commandsList.selectedIndex = 0;
    promptLabel.textContent = commandsArray[0].text;
    hideAllItems();
    controlsContainer.id = 'controls-container';// set the id for CSS styling
    element.insertBefore(controlsContainer, element.firstChild);

        // Store elements globally for function access
    window.pagesRange = pagesRange;
    window.rotateAngle = rotateAngle;
    window.pageInput = pageInput;
    window.locationInput = locationInput;
    window.cropTop = cropTop;
    window.cropBottom = cropBottom;
    window.cropLeft = cropLeft;
    window.cropRight = cropRight;
    window.newDoc = newDoc;
  }
}

window.UIElements = UIElements; // Expose the class to the global scope

```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="index.css" %}
{% code title="index.css" lineNumbers="true" %}

```css
/* Controls Container */
.control-container {
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1px;
    margin: 5px;
    padding-bottom: 5px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    background-color: rgba(112, 198, 255, 0.2   /* Light blue background for contrast */);
}

.elements-style {
    margin-right: 7px;
    padding: 5px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 13px;
    width: 70px;
}

.list-style {
    margin-right: 7px;
    padding: 5px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 13px;
}

/* General Button Styles */
.btn {
    background-color: #007bff;
    margin: 0 10px;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    color: white;
}

.btn:hover {
    background-color: #0056b3;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.btn:active {
    transform: translateY(1px);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.btn:disabled {
    background-color: #ccc;
    cursor: not-allowed;
    box-shadow: none;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .btn {
        width: 100%;
        margin: 5px 0;
    }
}

```

{% endcode %}
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}


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