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Digitally sign PDF files in Obj-C

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Sample Obj-C code to use PDFTron SDK's high-level digital signature API for digitally signing and/or certifying PDF files. Learn more about our Obj-C PDF Library and PDF Digital Signature Library.

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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2001-2023 by Apryse Software Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Consult legal.txt regarding legal and license information.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// This sample demonstrates the basic usage of the high-level digital signatures API in PDFNet.
//
// The following steps reflect typical intended usage of the digital signatures API:
//
// 0. Start with a PDF with or without form fields in it that one would like to lock (or, one can add a field, see (1)).
//
// 1. EITHER: 
//    (a) Call doc.CreateDigitalSignatureField, optionally providing a name. You receive a DigitalSignatureField.
//    -OR-
//       (b) If you didn't just create the digital signature field that you want to sign/certify, find the existing one within the 
//    document by using PDFDoc.DigitalSignatureFieldIterator or by using PDFDoc.GetField to get it by its fully qualified name.
//    
//    2.    Create a signature widget annotation, and pass the DigitalSignatureField that you just created or found. 
//       If you want it to be visible, provide a Rect argument with a non-zero width or height, and don't set the
//       NoView and Hidden flags. [Optionally, add an appearance to the annotation when you wish to sign/certify.]
//        
//    [3. (OPTIONAL) Add digital signature restrictions to the document using the field modification permissions (SetFieldPermissions) 
//       or document modification permissions functions (SetDocumentPermissions) of DigitalSignatureField. These features disallow 
//       certain types of changes to be made to the document without invalidating the cryptographic digital signature once it
//       is signed.]
//        
// 4. Call either CertifyOnNextSave or SignOnNextSave. There are three overloads for each one (six total):
//    a. Taking a PKCS #12 keyfile path and its password
//    b. Taking a buffer containing a PKCS #12 private keyfile and its password
//    c. Taking a unique identifier of a signature handler registered with the PDFDoc. This overload is to be used
//       in the following fashion: 
//       i)    Extend and implement a new SignatureHandler. The SignatureHandler will be used to add or 
//             validate/check a digital signature.
//       ii)   Create an instance of the implemented SignatureHandler and register it with PDFDoc with 
//             pdfdoc.AddSignatureHandler(). The method returns a SignatureHandlerId.
//       iii)  Call SignOnNextSaveWithCustomHandler/CertifyOnNextSaveWithCustomHandler with the SignatureHandlerId.
//    NOTE: It is only possible to sign/certify one signature per call to the Save function.
//
// 5. Call pdfdoc.Save(). This will also create the digital signature dictionary and write a cryptographic signature to it.
//    IMPORTANT: If there are already signed/certified digital signature(s) in the document, you must save incrementally
//    so as to not invalidate the other signature(s). 
//
// Additional processing can be done before document is signed. For example, UseSignatureHandler() returns an instance
// of SDF dictionary which represents the signature dictionary (or the /V entry of the form field). This can be used to
// add additional information to the signature dictionary (e.g. Name, Reason, Location, etc.).
//
// Although the steps above describes extending the SignatureHandler class, this sample demonstrates the use of
// StdSignatureHandler (a built-in SignatureHandler in PDFNet) to sign a PDF file.
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// To build and run this sample, please specify OpenSSL include & lib paths to the Makefile
//
// If OpenSSL is installed elsewhere, it may be necessary to add the path to the headers in the $(INCLUDE) variable as
// well as the location of either libcrypto.a or libcrypto.so/libcrypto.dylib.

// Note for iOS development: This code can be used to digitally sign PDFs in iOS devices. When using the code signing
// part of this code, it will be necessary to compile OpenSSL for iOS.

#define USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER 1 // Comment out this line if you intend to use OpenSSLSignatureHandler rather than StdSignatureHandler.

#import <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>

#import <OBJC/PDFNetOBJC.h>
//////////////////// Here follows an example of how to implement a custom signature handler. //////////
#if (!USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER)

// OpenSSL includes
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs7.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/sha.h>

// Override PTSignatureHandler
@interface OpenSSLSignatureHandler : PTSignatureHandler
{
    SHA256_CTX m_sha_ctx;
    EVP_PKEY* mp_pkey;      // private key
    X509* mp_x509;          // signing certificate
    STACK_OF(X509)* mp_ca;  // certificate chain up to the CA
}
- (NSString*) GetName;
- (void) AppendData: (NSData*)data;
- (BOOL) Reset;
- (NSData*) CreateSignature;
- (PTSignatureHandler*) Clone;
- (id) init: (NSString*) pfxfile password: (NSString*) password;
- (void) dealloc;
@end // interface OpenSSLSignatureHandler

@implementation OpenSSLSignatureHandler
- (NSString*) GetName
{
    return (@"Adobe.PPKLite");
}
- (void) AppendData: (NSData*)data
{
    SHA256_Update(&m_sha_ctx, [data bytes], [data length]);
    return;
}
- (BOOL) Reset
{
    SHA256_Init(&m_sha_ctx);
    return (YES);
}
- (NSData*) CreateSignature
{
    unsigned char sha_buffer[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
    memset((void*) sha_buffer, 0, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
    SHA256_Final(sha_buffer, &m_sha_ctx);
    
    PKCS7* p7 = PKCS7_new();
    PKCS7_set_type(p7, NID_pkcs7_signed);
    
    PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO* p7Si = PKCS7_add_signature(p7, mp_x509, mp_pkey, EVP_sha256());
    PKCS7_add_attrib_content_type(p7Si, OBJ_nid2obj(NID_pkcs7_data));
    PKCS7_add0_attrib_signing_time(p7Si, NULL);
    PKCS7_add1_attrib_digest(p7Si, (const unsigned char*) sha_buffer, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
    PKCS7_add_certificate(p7, mp_x509);    

    int c = 0;
    for ( ; c < sk_X509_num(mp_ca); c++) {
        X509* cert = sk_X509_value(mp_ca, c);
        PKCS7_add_certificate(p7, cert);
    }
    PKCS7_set_detached(p7, 1);
    PKCS7_content_new(p7, NID_pkcs7_data);
    
    PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO_sign(p7Si);
    
    int p7Len = i2d_PKCS7(p7, NULL);
    NSMutableData* signature = [NSMutableData data];
    unsigned char* p7Buf = (unsigned char*) malloc(p7Len);
    if (p7Buf != NULL) {
        unsigned char* pP7Buf = p7Buf;
        i2d_PKCS7(p7, &pP7Buf);
        [signature appendBytes: (const void*) p7Buf length: p7Len];
        free(p7Buf);
    }
    PKCS7_free(p7);
    
    return (signature);
}
- (PTSignatureHandler*) Clone
{
    return (self);
}
- (id) init: (NSString*) pfxfile password: (NSString*) password;
{
    self = [super init];

    FILE* fp = fopen([pfxfile cStringUsingEncoding: NSASCIIStringEncoding], "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
        @throw ([NSException exceptionWithName: @"PDFNet Exception" reason: @"Cannot open private key." userInfo: nil]);
    
    PKCS12* p12 = d2i_PKCS12_fp(fp, NULL);
    fclose(fp);
    
    if (p12 == NULL) 
        @throw ([NSException exceptionWithName: @"PDFNet Exception" reason: @"Cannot parse private key." userInfo: nil]);

    mp_pkey = NULL;
    mp_x509 = NULL;
    mp_ca = NULL;
    int parseResult = PKCS12_parse(p12, [password cStringUsingEncoding: NSASCIIStringEncoding], &mp_pkey, &mp_x509, &mp_ca);
    PKCS12_free(p12);
    
    if (parseResult == 0)
        @throw ([NSException exceptionWithName: @"PDFNet Exception" reason: @"Cannot parse private key." userInfo: nil]);

    [self Reset];
    
    return (self);
}
- (void) dealloc
{
    sk_X509_free(mp_ca);
    X509_free(mp_x509);
    EVP_PKEY_free(mp_pkey);
}
@end // implementation OpenSSLSignatureHandler

#endif // (!USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER)
////////// End of the OpenSSLSignatureHandler custom handler code. ////////////////////

BOOL VerifySimple(NSString* in_docpath, NSString* in_public_key_file_path)
{
    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath:in_docpath];
    NSLog(@"==========");
    PTVerificationOptions* opts = [[PTVerificationOptions alloc] initWithLevel:e_ptcompatibility_and_archiving];

    // Add trust root to store of trusted certificates contained in VerificationOptions.
    [opts AddTrustedCertificateWithFilePath: in_public_key_file_path in_trust_flags:(e_ptdefault_trust | e_ptcertification_trust)];

    PTSignaturesVerificationStatus result = [doc VerifySignedDigitalSignatures: opts];
    switch (result)
    {
    case e_ptdoc_unsigned:
        NSLog(@"Document has no signed signature fields.");
        return NO;
        /* e_failure == bad doc status, digest status, or permissions status
        (i.e. does not include trust issues, because those are flaky due to being network/config-related) */
    case e_ptdoc_failure:
        NSLog(@"Hard failure in verification on at least one signature.");
        return NO;
    case e_ptdoc_untrusted:
        NSLog(@"Could not verify trust for at least one signature.");
        return NO;
    case e_ptdoc_unsupported:
        /* If necessary, call GetUnsupportedFeatures on VerificationResult to check which
        unsupported features were encountered (requires verification using 'detailed' APIs) */
        NSLog(@"At least one signature contains unsupported features.");
        return NO;
        // unsigned sigs skipped; parts of document may be unsigned (check GetByteRanges on signed sigs to find out)
    case e_ptdoc_verified:
        NSLog(@"All signed signatures in document verified.");
        return YES;
    default:
        [NSException raise:@"unrecognized document verification status" format:@"unrecognized document verification status"];
    }
}

BOOL VerifyAllAndPrint(NSString* in_docpath, NSString* in_public_key_file_path)
{
    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath:in_docpath];
    NSLog(@"==========");
    PTVerificationOptions* opts = [[PTVerificationOptions alloc] initWithLevel:e_ptcompatibility_and_archiving];
    
    // Add trust root to store of trusted certificates contained in VerificationOptions.
    [opts AddTrustedCertificateWithFilePath: in_public_key_file_path in_trust_flags:(e_ptdefault_trust | e_ptcertification_trust)];

    // Iterate over the signatures and verify all of them.
    PTDigitalSignatureFieldIterator* digsig_fitr = [doc GetDigitalSignatureFieldIterator];
    BOOL verification_status = YES;
    for (; [digsig_fitr HasNext]; [digsig_fitr Next])
    {
        PTDigitalSignatureField* curr = [digsig_fitr Current];
        PTVerificationResult* result = [curr Verify: opts];
        if ([result GetVerificationStatus])
        {
            NSLog(@"Signature verified, objnum: %u", [[curr GetSDFObj] GetObjNum]);
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog(@"Signature verification failed, objnum: %u", [[curr GetSDFObj] GetObjNum]);
            verification_status = NO;
        }

        switch ([result GetDigestAlgorithm])
        {
        case e_ptsha1:
            NSLog(@"Digest algorithm: SHA-1");
            break;
        case e_ptsha256:
            NSLog(@"Digest algorithm: SHA-256");
            break;
        case e_ptsha384:
            NSLog(@"Digest algorithm: SHA-384");
            break;
        case e_ptsha512:
            NSLog(@"Digest algorithm: SHA-512");
            break;
        case e_ptripemd160:
            NSLog(@"Digest algorithm: RIPEMD-160");
            break;
        case e_ptunknown_digest_algorithm:
            NSLog(@"Digest algorithm: unknown");
            break;
        default:
            [NSException raise:@"unrecognized digest algorithm" format:@"unrecognized digest algorithm"];
        }

        NSLog(@"Detailed verification result: \n\t%@\n\t%@\n\t%@\n\t%@", 
            [result GetDocumentStatusAsString],
            [result GetDigestStatusAsString],
            [result GetTrustStatusAsString],
            [result GetPermissionsStatusAsString]);


        NSArray<PTDisallowedChange *>* changes = [result GetDisallowedChanges];
        for (id change in changes)
        {
            NSLog(@"\tDisallowed change: %@, objnum: %u", [change GetTypeAsString], [change GetObjNum]);
        }
        
        // Get and print all the detailed trust-related results, if they are available.
        if ([result HasTrustVerificationResult])
        {
            PTTrustVerificationResult* trust_verification_result = [result GetTrustVerificationResult];
            NSLog([trust_verification_result WasSuccessful]? @"Trust verified." : @"Trust not verifiable.");
            NSLog(@"%@", [trust_verification_result GetResultString]);

            unsigned long tmp_time_t = [trust_verification_result GetTimeOfTrustVerification];
            switch ([trust_verification_result GetTimeOfTrustVerificationEnum])
            {
            case e_ptcurrent:
                NSLog(@"Trust verification attempted with respect to current time (as epoch time): %lu", tmp_time_t);
                break;
            case e_ptsigning:
                NSLog(@"Trust verification attempted with respect to signing time (as epoch time): %lu", tmp_time_t);
                break;
            case e_pttimestamp:
                NSLog(@"Trust verification attempted with respect to secure embedded timestamp (as epoch time): %lu", tmp_time_t);
                break;
            default:
                [NSException raise:@"unrecognized time enum value" format:@"unrecognized time enum value"];
            }

            if ([[trust_verification_result GetCertPath ] count] == 0)
            {
                NSLog(@"Could not print certificate path.\n");
            }
            else
            {
                NSLog(@"Certificate path:\n");
                NSArray<PTX509Certificate*> *cert_path = [trust_verification_result GetCertPath];
                for (int j = 0; j < [cert_path count]; j++)

                {
                    NSLog(@"\tCertificate:\n");
                    PTX509Certificate* full_cert = cert_path[j];
                    NSLog(@"\t\tIssuer names:\n");
                    NSArray<PTX501AttributeTypeAndValue*>*issuer_dn = [[full_cert GetIssuerField] GetAllAttributesAndValues];
                    for (int i = 0; i < [issuer_dn count]; i++)
                    {
                        NSLog(@"\t\t\t%@",[[issuer_dn objectAtIndex:i] GetStringValue]);
                    }
                    NSLog(@"\t\tSubject names:\n");
                    NSArray<PTX501AttributeTypeAndValue*>* subject_dn = [[full_cert GetSubjectField] GetAllAttributesAndValues];
                    for (int i = 0; i < [subject_dn count]; i++)
                    {
                        NSLog(@"\t\t\t%@\n", [[subject_dn objectAtIndex:i] GetStringValue]);
                    }
                    NSLog(@"\t\tExtensions:\n");
                    NSArray<PTX509Extension*> *ex = [full_cert GetExtensions];
                    for (size_t i = 0; i < [ex count]; i++)
                    {
                        NSLog(@"\t\t\t%@\n",[[ex objectAtIndex:i] ToString]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog(@"No detailed trust verification result available.");
        }

        NSArray<NSString *> *unsupported_features = [ result GetUnsupportedFeatures ];
        for (int i = 0; i < [unsupported_features count]; i++)
        {
            NSLog(@"%@", [unsupported_features objectAtIndex:i]);
        }
        NSLog(@"==========");
    }

    return verification_status;
}

void CertifyPDF(NSString* in_docpath,
    NSString* in_cert_field_name,
    NSString* in_private_key_file_path,
    NSString* in_keyfile_password,
    NSString* in_appearance_image_path,
    NSString* in_outpath)
{
    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
    NSLog(@"Certifying PDF document");

    // Open an existing PDF
    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath: in_docpath];

    NSLog(@"PDFDoc has %@", ([doc HasSignatures] ? @"signatures" : @"no signatures"));

    PTPage* page1 = [doc GetPage: 1];

    // Create a text field that we can lock using the field permissions feature.
    PTTextWidget* annot1 = [PTTextWidget Create: doc pos: [[PTPDFRect alloc] initWithX1: 143 y1: 440 x2: 350 y2: 460] field_name: @"asdf_test_field"];
    [page1 AnnotPushBack: annot1];

    /* Create a new signature form field in the PDFDoc. The name argument is optional;
    leaving it empty causes it to be auto-generated. However, you may need the name for later.
    Acrobat doesn't show digsigfield in side panel if it's without a widget. Using a
    Rect with 0 width and 0 height, or setting the NoPrint/Invisible flags makes it invisible. */
    PTDigitalSignatureField* certification_sig_field = [doc CreateDigitalSignatureField: in_cert_field_name];
    PTSignatureWidget* widgetAnnot = [PTSignatureWidget CreateWithDigitalSignatureField: doc pos: [[PTPDFRect alloc] initWithX1: 143 y1: 287 x2: 219 y2: 306] field: certification_sig_field];
    [page1 AnnotPushBack: widgetAnnot];

    // (OPTIONAL) Add an appearance to the signature field.
    PTImage* img = [PTImage CreateWithFile: [doc GetSDFDoc] filename: in_appearance_image_path encoder_hints: [[PTObj alloc]init]];
    [widgetAnnot CreateSignatureAppearance: img];

    // Prepare the document locking permission level. It will be applied upon document certification.
    NSLog(@"Adding document permissions.");
    [certification_sig_field SetDocumentPermissions: e_ptannotating_formfilling_signing_allowed];
    
    // Prepare to lock the text field that we created earlier.
    NSLog(@"Adding field permissions.");
    NSMutableArray<NSString *> * fields_to_lock = [[NSMutableArray<NSString *> alloc] init];
    [fields_to_lock addObject:@"asdf_test_field"];
    [certification_sig_field SetFieldPermissions: e_ptdigsig_permission_include in_field_names: [fields_to_lock copy]];

#ifdef USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER
    [certification_sig_field CertifyOnNextSave: in_private_key_file_path in_password: in_keyfile_password];
#else
    OpenSSLSignatureHandler* sigHandler = [[OpenSSLSignatureHandler alloc] init:in_private_key_file_path password: in_keyfile_password];
    PTSignatureHandlerId sigHandlerId = [doc AddSignatureHandler: sigHandler];
    [certification_sig_field CertifyOnNextSaveWithCustomHandler: sigHandlerId];
    /* Add to the digital signature dictionary a SubFilter name that uniquely identifies the signature format 
    for verification tools. As an example, the custom handler defined in this file uses the CMS/PKCS #7 detached format, 
    so we embed one of the standard predefined SubFilter values: "adbe.pkcs7.detached". It is not necessary to do this 
    when using the StdSignatureHandler. */
    PTObj* f_obj = [certification_sig_field GetSDFObj];
    [[f_obj FindObj: @"V"] PutName: @"SubFilter" name: @"adbe.pkcs7.detached"];
#endif

    // (OPTIONAL) Add more information to the signature dictionary.
    [certification_sig_field SetLocation: @"Vancouver, BC"];
    [certification_sig_field SetReason: @"Document certification."];
    [certification_sig_field SetContactInfo: @"www.pdftron.com"];

    // Save the PDFDoc. Once the method below is called, PDFNet will also sign the document using the information provided.
    [doc SaveToFile: in_outpath flags: 0];

    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
}

void SignPDF(NSString* in_docpath,
    NSString* in_approval_field_name,
    NSString* in_private_key_file_path,
    NSString* in_keyfile_password,
    NSString* in_appearance_img_path,
    NSString* in_outpath)
{
    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
    NSLog(@"Signing PDF document");

    // Open an existing PDF
    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath: in_docpath];

    // Retrieve the unsigned approval signature field.
    PTField* found_approval_field = [doc GetField: in_approval_field_name];
    PTDigitalSignatureField* found_approval_signature_digsig_field = [[PTDigitalSignatureField alloc] initWithIn_field: found_approval_field];
    
    // (OPTIONAL) Add an appearance to the signature field.
    PTImage* img = [PTImage CreateWithFile: [doc GetSDFDoc] filename: in_appearance_img_path encoder_hints: [[PTObj alloc]init]];
    PTSignatureWidget* found_approval_signature_widget = [[PTSignatureWidget alloc] initWithD: [found_approval_field GetSDFObj]];
    [found_approval_signature_widget CreateSignatureAppearance: img];

    // Prepare the signature and signature handler for signing.
#ifdef USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER
    [found_approval_signature_digsig_field SignOnNextSave: in_private_key_file_path in_password: in_keyfile_password];
#else
    OpenSSLSignatureHandler* sigHandler = [[OpenSSLSignatureHandler alloc] init:in_private_key_file_path password: in_keyfile_password];
    PTSignatureHandlerId sigHandlerId = [doc AddSignatureHandler: sigHandler];
    [found_approval_signature_digsig_field SignOnNextSaveWithCustomHandler: sigHandlerId];
    /* Add to the digital signature dictionary a SubFilter name that uniquely identifies the signature format 
    for verification tools. As an example, the custom handler defined in this file uses the CMS/PKCS #7 detached format, 
    so we embed one of the standard predefined SubFilter values: "adbe.pkcs7.detached". It is not necessary to do this 
    when using the StdSignatureHandler. */
    PTObj* f_obj = [found_approval_signature_digsig_field GetSDFObj];
    [[f_obj FindObj: @"V"] PutName: @"SubFilter" name: @"adbe.pkcs7.detached"];
#endif

    // The actual approval signing will be done during the following incremental save operation.
    [doc SaveToFile: in_outpath flags: e_ptincremental];

    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
}

void ClearSignature(NSString* in_docpath,
    NSString* in_digsig_field_name,
    NSString* in_outpath)
{
    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
    NSLog(@"Clearing certification signature");

    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath: in_docpath];

    PTDigitalSignatureField* digsig = [[PTDigitalSignatureField alloc] initWithIn_field: [doc GetField: in_digsig_field_name]];
    
    NSLog(@"Clearing signature: %@", in_digsig_field_name);
    [digsig ClearSignature];

    if (![digsig HasCryptographicSignature])
    {
        NSLog(@"Cryptographic signature cleared properly.");
    }

    // Save incrementally so as to not invalidate other signatures from previous saves.
    [doc SaveToFile: in_outpath flags: e_ptincremental];

    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
}

void PrintSignaturesInfo(NSString* in_docpath)
{
    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
    NSLog(@"Reading and printing digital signature information");

    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath: in_docpath];
    if (![doc HasSignatures])
    {
        NSLog(@"Doc has no signatures.");
        NSLog(@"================================================================================");
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        NSLog(@"Doc has signatures.");
    }

    
    PTFieldIterator* fitr = [doc GetFieldIterator];
    for(; [fitr HasNext]; [fitr Next]) 
    {
        NSLog(@"==========");
        if ([[fitr Current] IsLockedByDigitalSignature])
        {
            NSLog(@"Field locked by a digital signature");
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog(@"Field not locked by a digital signature");
        }

        NSLog(@"Field name: %@", [[fitr Current] GetName]);
        NSLog(@"==========");
    }

    NSLog(@"====================");
    NSLog(@"Now iterating over digital signatures only.");
    NSLog(@"====================");

    PTDigitalSignatureFieldIterator* digsig_fitr = [doc GetDigitalSignatureFieldIterator];
    for (; [digsig_fitr HasNext]; [digsig_fitr Next])
    {
        NSLog(@"==========");
        NSLog(@"Field name of digital signature: %@", [[[PTField alloc] initWithField_dict: [[digsig_fitr Current] GetSDFObj]] GetName]);

        PTDigitalSignatureField* digsigfield = [digsig_fitr Current];
        if (![digsigfield HasCryptographicSignature])
        {
            NSLog(@"Either digital signature field lacks a digital signature dictionary, "
                @"or digital signature dictionary lacks a cryptographic Contents entry. "
                @"Digital signature field is not presently considered signed.");
            NSLog(@"==========");
            continue;
        }

        int cert_count = [digsigfield GetCertCount];
        NSLog(@"Cert count: %d", cert_count);
        for (int i = 0; i < cert_count; ++i)
        {
            NSData* cert = [digsigfield GetCert:i];
            NSLog(@"Cert #%d size: %lu", i, cert.length);
        }

        PTDigitalSignatureFieldSubFilterType subfilter = [digsigfield GetSubFilter];

        NSLog(@"Subfilter type: %d", (int)subfilter);

        if (subfilter != e_ptETSI_RFC3161)
        {
            NSLog(@"Signature's signer: %@", [digsigfield GetSignatureName] == NULL? @"" : [digsigfield GetSignatureName]);

            PTDate* signing_time = [digsigfield GetSigningTime];
            if ([signing_time IsValid])
            {
                NSLog(@"Signing time is valid.");
            }

            NSLog(@"Location: %@", [digsigfield GetLocation] == NULL? @"" : [digsigfield GetLocation]);
            NSLog(@"Reason: %@", [digsigfield GetReason] == NULL? @"" : [digsigfield GetReason]);
            NSLog(@"Contact info: %@", [digsigfield GetContactInfo] == NULL? @"" : [digsigfield GetContactInfo]);
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog(@"SubFilter == e_ETSI_RFC3161 (DocTimeStamp; no signing info)");
        }

        NSLog(([digsigfield HasVisibleAppearance]) ? @"Visible" : @"Not visible");

        PTDigitalSignatureFieldDocumentPermissions digsig_doc_perms = [digsigfield GetDocumentPermissions];
        NSArray<NSString *>* locked_fields = [digsigfield GetLockedFields];
        for (id field_name in locked_fields)
        {
            NSLog(@"This digital signature locks a field named: %@", field_name);
        }

        switch (digsig_doc_perms)
        {
        case e_ptno_changes_allowed:
            NSLog(@"No changes to the document can be made without invalidating this digital signature.");
            break;
        case e_ptformfilling_signing_allowed:
            NSLog(@"Page template instantiation, form filling, and signing digital signatures are allowed without invalidating this digital signature.");
            break;
        case e_ptannotating_formfilling_signing_allowed:
            NSLog(@"Annotating, page template instantiation, form filling, and signing digital signatures are allowed without invalidating this digital signature.");
            break;
        case e_ptunrestricted:
            NSLog(@"Document not restricted by this digital signature.");
            break;
        default:
            [NSException raise:@"Unrecognized digital signature document permission level." format:@"Unrecognized digital signature document permission level."];
        }
        NSLog(@"==========");
    }

    NSLog(@"================================================================================");
}

BOOL TimestampAndEnableLTV(NSString* in_docpath, 
    NSString* in_trusted_cert_path, 
    NSString* in_appearance_img_path,
    NSString* in_outpath)
{
    PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath: in_docpath];
    PTDigitalSignatureField* doctimestamp_signature_field = [doc CreateDigitalSignatureField: @""];
    PTTimestampingConfiguration* tst_config = [[PTTimestampingConfiguration alloc] initWithIn_url: @"http://rfc3161timestamp.globalsign.com/advanced"];
    PTVerificationOptions* opts = [[PTVerificationOptions alloc] initWithLevel:e_ptcompatibility_and_archiving];

    /* It is necessary to add to the VerificationOptions a trusted root certificate corresponding to 
    the chain used by the timestamp authority to sign the timestamp token, in order for the timestamp
    response to be verifiable during DocTimeStamp signing. It is also necessary in the context of this 
    function to do this for the later LTV section, because one needs to be able to verify the DocTimeStamp 
    in order to enable LTV for it, and we re-use the VerificationOptions opts object in that part. */
    [ opts AddTrustedCertificateWithFilePath: in_trusted_cert_path in_trust_flags:e_ptdefault_trust];
    /* By default, we only check online for revocation of certificates using the newer and lighter 
    OCSP protocol as opposed to CRL, due to lower resource usage and greater reliability. However, 
    it may be necessary to enable online CRL revocation checking in order to verify some timestamps
    (i.e. those that do not have an OCSP responder URL for all non-trusted certificates). */
    [ opts EnableOnlineCRLRevocationChecking: YES];

    PTSignatureWidget* widgetAnnot = [PTSignatureWidget CreateWithDigitalSignatureField: doc pos: [[PTPDFRect alloc] initWithX1: 0 y1: 100 x2: 200 y2: 150] field: doctimestamp_signature_field];
    [[doc GetPage: 1] AnnotPushBack: widgetAnnot];

    // (OPTIONAL) Add an appearance to the signature field.
    PTImage* img = [PTImage CreateWithFile: [doc GetSDFDoc] filename: in_appearance_img_path encoder_hints: [[PTObj alloc]init]];

    [widgetAnnot CreateSignatureAppearance: img];

    NSLog(@"Testing timestamping configuration.");
    PTTimestampingResult* config_result = [tst_config TestConfiguration:opts];
    if([ config_result GetStatus])
    {
        NSLog(@"Success: timestamping configuration usable. Attempting to timestamp.");
    }
    else
    {
        // Print details of timestamping failure.
        NSLog(@"%@", [config_result GetString]);
        if ([config_result HasResponseVerificationResult])
        {
            PTEmbeddedTimestampVerificationResult* tst_result = [config_result GetResponseVerificationResult];
            NSLog(@"CMS digest status: %@\n", [tst_result GetCMSDigestStatusAsString]);
            NSLog(@"Message digest status: %@\n", [tst_result GetMessageImprintDigestStatusAsString]);
            NSLog(@"Trust status: %@\n", [tst_result GetTrustStatusAsString]);
        }
        return NO;
    }

    [doctimestamp_signature_field TimestampOnNextSave: tst_config in_timestamp_response_verification_options: opts];

    // Save/signing throws if timestamping fails.
    [doc SaveToFile: in_outpath flags: e_ptincremental];
    NSLog(@"Timestamping successful. Adding LTV information for DocTimeStamp signature.");

    // Add LTV information for timestamp signature to document.
    PTVerificationResult* timestamp_verification_result = [doctimestamp_signature_field Verify: opts];
    if (! [doctimestamp_signature_field EnableLTVOfflineVerification: timestamp_verification_result])
    {
        NSLog(@"Could not enable LTV for DocTimeStamp.");
        return NO;
    }
    [doc SaveToFile: in_outpath flags: e_ptincremental];
    NSLog(@"Added LTV information for DocTimeStamp signature successfully.");

    return YES;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    @autoreleasepool {

        // Initialize PDFNetC
        [PTPDFNet Initialize: 0];
    

    #if (!USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER)
        // Initialize OpenSSL library
        CRYPTO_malloc_init();
        ERR_load_crypto_strings();
        OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
    #endif // (!USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER)

        int ret = 0;
        
        NSString* input_path = @"../../TestFiles/";
        NSString* output_path = @"../../TestFiles/Output/";

        //////////////////// TEST 0: 
        /* Create an approval signature field that we can sign after certifying.
        (Must be done before calling CertifyOnNextSave/SignOnNextSave/WithCustomHandler.) */
        @try
        {
            PTPDFDoc* doc = [[PTPDFDoc alloc] initWithFilepath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver.pdf"]];
            PTDigitalSignatureField* approval_signature_field = [doc CreateDigitalSignatureField: @"PDFTronApprovalSig"];
            PTSignatureWidget* widgetAnnotApproval = [PTSignatureWidget CreateWithDigitalSignatureField: doc pos: [[PTPDFRect alloc] initWithX1: 300 y1: 287 x2: 376 y2: 306] field: approval_signature_field];
            PTPage* page1 = [doc GetPage: 1];
            [page1 AnnotPushBack: widgetAnnotApproval];
            [doc SaveToFile: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_output.pdf"] flags: e_ptremove_unused];
        }
        @catch (NSException* e)
        {
            NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
            ret = 1;
        }

        //////////////////// TEST 1: certify a PDF.
        @try
        {
            CertifyPDF([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField.pdf"],
                @"PDFTronCertificationSig",
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"pdftron.pfx"],
                @"password",
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"pdftron.bmp"],
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_output.pdf"]);
            PrintSignaturesInfo([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_output.pdf"]);
        }
        @catch (NSException* e)
        {
            NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
            ret = 1;
        }

        //////////////////// TEST 2: approval-sign an existing, unsigned signature field in a PDF that already has a certified signature field.
        @try
        {
            SignPDF([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified.pdf"],
                @"PDFTronApprovalSig",
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"pdftron.pfx"],
                @"password",
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"signature.jpg"],
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved_output.pdf"]);
            PrintSignaturesInfo([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved_output.pdf"]);
        }
        @catch (NSException* e)
        {
            NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
            ret = 1;
        }

        //////////////////// TEST 3: Clear a certification from a document that is certified and has an approval signature.
        @try
        {
            ClearSignature([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved.pdf"],
                @"PDFTronCertificationSig",
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved_certcleared_output.pdf"]);
            PrintSignaturesInfo([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved_certcleared_output.pdf"]);
        }
        @catch (NSException* e)
        {
            NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
            ret = 1;
        }
        
        //////////////////// TEST 4: Verify a document's digital signatures.
        @try
        {
            if (!VerifyAllAndPrint([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved.pdf"],
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"pdftron.cer"]))
            {
                ret = 1;
            }
        }
        @catch (NSException* e)
        {
            NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
            ret = 1;
        }
        
        //////////////////// TEST 5: Verify a document's digital signatures in a simple fashion using the document API.
        @try
        {
            if (!VerifySimple([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver_withApprovalField_certified_approved.pdf"],
                [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"pdftron.cer"]))
            {
                ret = 1;
            }
        }
        @catch (NSException* e)
        {
            NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
            ret = 1;
        }

        //////////////////// TEST 6: Timestamp a document, then add Long Term Validation (LTV) information for the DocTimeStamp.
        //@try
        //{
        //if (!TimestampAndEnableLTV([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"waiver.pdf"],
        //        [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"GlobalSignRootForTST.cer"],
        //        [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", input_path, @"signature.jpg"],
        //        [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", output_path, @"waiver_DocTimeStamp_LTV.pdf"]))
        //    {
        //        ret = 1;
        //    }
        //}
        //@catch (NSException* e)
        //{
        //    NSLog(@"Exception: %@ - %@\n", e.name, e.reason);
        //    ret = 1;
        //}

        //////////////////// End of tests. ////////////////////

        if (!ret)
        {
            NSLog(@"Tests successful.");
            NSLog(@"==========");
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog(@"Tests FAILED!!!");
            NSLog(@"==========");
        }

    #if (!USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER)
        ERR_free_strings();
        EVP_cleanup();
    #endif // (!USE_STD_SIGNATURE_HANDLER)
        [PTPDFNet Terminate: 0];
        return ret;
    }
}